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The effects of untreated and treated HIV infection on bone disease

The effects of untreated and treated HIV infection on bone disease REVIEW URRENT The effects of untreated and treated HIV infection PINION on bone disease a a,b Aoife G. Cotter and Patrick W.G. Mallon Purpose of review Low bone mineral density (BMD) is common in those with HIV, associated with higher bone turnover and a higher prevalence of fractures. This review explores low BMD in HIV, focusing on underlying mechanisms and relationships between low BMD and HIV infection, immune dysfunction, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Recent findings Greater reductions in BMD accompanying reductions in HIV viremia at initiation of first-line or second-line ART suggest an important role for immune- or viral-mediated mechanisms in its pathogenesis. Summary As bone metabolism is part-regulated by T cells and B cells, we propose that earlier initiation of ART at higher CD4 T-cell counts may attenuate BMD loss by abrogating immune- and viral-mediated disturbances in bone metabolism that accompany ART initiation. Further pathogenesis-based research is required in this field, focusing on the complex interaction between virus, immune system, ART, and bone metabolism. Keywords B cells, bone, bone mineral density, fracture, HIV, immune dysfunction, T cells INTRODUCTION BONE DISEASE IN HIV-POSITIVE POPULATIONS: THE EXTENT AND With effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) leading CONSEQUENCE to increased lifespan in those http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Opinion in HIV and Aids Wolters Kluwer Health

The effects of untreated and treated HIV infection on bone disease

Current Opinion in HIV and Aids , Volume 9 (1) – Jan 1, 2014

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References (72)

Copyright
© 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN
1746-630X
eISSN
1746-6318
DOI
10.1097/COH.0000000000000028
pmid
24263798
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

REVIEW URRENT The effects of untreated and treated HIV infection PINION on bone disease a a,b Aoife G. Cotter and Patrick W.G. Mallon Purpose of review Low bone mineral density (BMD) is common in those with HIV, associated with higher bone turnover and a higher prevalence of fractures. This review explores low BMD in HIV, focusing on underlying mechanisms and relationships between low BMD and HIV infection, immune dysfunction, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Recent findings Greater reductions in BMD accompanying reductions in HIV viremia at initiation of first-line or second-line ART suggest an important role for immune- or viral-mediated mechanisms in its pathogenesis. Summary As bone metabolism is part-regulated by T cells and B cells, we propose that earlier initiation of ART at higher CD4 T-cell counts may attenuate BMD loss by abrogating immune- and viral-mediated disturbances in bone metabolism that accompany ART initiation. Further pathogenesis-based research is required in this field, focusing on the complex interaction between virus, immune system, ART, and bone metabolism. Keywords B cells, bone, bone mineral density, fracture, HIV, immune dysfunction, T cells INTRODUCTION BONE DISEASE IN HIV-POSITIVE POPULATIONS: THE EXTENT AND With effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) leading CONSEQUENCE to increased lifespan in those

Journal

Current Opinion in HIV and AidsWolters Kluwer Health

Published: Jan 1, 2014

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