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Mirko Paiardini Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Purpose of review University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, To summarize our current understanding of the regulation of Th17 cells in pathogenic Philadelphia, USA and nonpathogenic lentiviral infections. Correspondence to Mirko Paiardini, Department of Recent findings Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 702 Stellar Chance It has been shown that Th17 cells, a recently identified T helper-cell subset deemed Laboratory, 422 Curie Blvd, PA 19104, USA critical for antimicrobial mucosal immunity, are preferentially depleted in the Tel: +1 215 573 5368; e-mail: mpaiardi@mail.med.upenn.edu gastrointestinal tracts of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus and pigtailed (PTMs) macaques. In Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS 2010, 5:166–172 contrast, Th17 cells are preserved at healthy levels in monkey species that are natural hosts for SIV, such as sooty mangabeys or African green monkeys (AGMs), which maintain mucosal immunity and remain AIDS free. These findings suggest that preservation of Th17 cells (or lack thereof) may be central in determining the pathogenic or nonpathogenic outcome of HIV/SIV infection. Summary A preferential depletion of mucosal Th17 cells is a feature that distinguishes pathogenic HIV infection of humans from
Current Opinion in HIV and Aids – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: Mar 1, 2010
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