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Downloaded from http://journals.lww.com/co-hivandaids by BhDMf5ePHKbH4TTImqenVJ2toCr/9wZZjwPUWvYES9l2nY+zyylnl33NGMK6MRsx on 10/02/2020 REVIEW URRENT Recent developments with advancing gene therapy PINION to treat chronic infection with hepatitis B virus Mohube B. Maepa, Ridhwaanah Jacobs, Fiona van den Berg, and Patrick Arbuthnot Purpose of review The available vaccine and therapies against hepatitis B virus (HBV) rarely eliminate chronic infection with the virus. High mortality resulting from complicating cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma makes improving anti-HBV therapy an important priority. Recent advances with using gene therapy to counter HBV have potential and are the focus of this review. Recent findings The stable replication-competent HBV intermediate comprising covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is the template for expression of all viral genes. Inactivating cccDNA has thus been a focus of research aimed at achieving cure for HBV infection. Many studies have reported profound inhibition of replication of the virus using silencing and editing techniques. Therapeutic gene silencing with synthetic short interfering RNA is now in clinical trials. Ability to mutate and permanently inactivate cccDNA with engineered gene editors, such as those derived from CRISPR/Cas or TALENs, is particularly appealing but has not yet reached clinical evaluation. Summary Gene silencing and gene editing potentially provide the means to cure HBV
Current Opinion in HIV & AIDS – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: May 1, 2020
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