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Preclinical shock strategies to reactivate latent HIV-1: an update

Preclinical shock strategies to reactivate latent HIV-1: an update Purpose of review The ‘shock and kill’ strategy consists of activating HIV-1 expression to allow latently infected cells to die from viral cytopathic effects or host cytolytic immune effectors. This strategy relies on small molecules, called latency reversing agents, which activate HIV transcription. Recent findings Several mechanisms operating at the transcriptional level are involved in the establishment and maintenance of HIV-1 latency, including the absence of crucial inducible host transcription factors, epigenetic silencing, and the sequestration of the positive transcription elongation factor B. Progresses made toward the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 transcriptional repression have led to the identification of latency reversing agents that activate HIV transcription, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors or protein kinase C agonists. Multiple studies have recently pointed interesting ways to optimize the shock strategy by using combinations of latency reversing agents with an appropriate time schedule. Summary Combining latency reversing agents appears as one potential strategy for therapy against HIV-1 latency. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Wolters Kluwer Health

Preclinical shock strategies to reactivate latent HIV-1: an update

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References (69)

Copyright
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Subject
STRATEGIES FOR TARGETING RESIDUAL HIV INFECTION: Edited by Matthieu Perreau and Nicolas Chomont
ISSN
1746-630X
eISSN
1746-6318
DOI
10.1097/COH.0000000000000288
pmid
27259046
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Purpose of review The ‘shock and kill’ strategy consists of activating HIV-1 expression to allow latently infected cells to die from viral cytopathic effects or host cytolytic immune effectors. This strategy relies on small molecules, called latency reversing agents, which activate HIV transcription. Recent findings Several mechanisms operating at the transcriptional level are involved in the establishment and maintenance of HIV-1 latency, including the absence of crucial inducible host transcription factors, epigenetic silencing, and the sequestration of the positive transcription elongation factor B. Progresses made toward the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 transcriptional repression have led to the identification of latency reversing agents that activate HIV transcription, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors or protein kinase C agonists. Multiple studies have recently pointed interesting ways to optimize the shock strategy by using combinations of latency reversing agents with an appropriate time schedule. Summary Combining latency reversing agents appears as one potential strategy for therapy against HIV-1 latency.

Journal

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDSWolters Kluwer Health

Published: Jul 1, 2016

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