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Mucociliary clearance — — a critical upper airway host defense mechanism and methods of assessment a,b a,b Marcelo B. Antunes and Noam A. Cohen Purpose of review Introduction Mucociliary clearance is a critical host defense mechanism During normal breathing, the airways transport large of the airways. Effective mucociliary clearance requires quantities of environmental air into the lungs. This appropriate mucus production and coordinated ciliary air is frequently contaminated with a variety of activity. The important role of these two components is best pollutants, particles and bacteria that are deposited in demonstrated in disorders such as primary ciliary dyskinesia the airways. The nose, paranasal sinuses, trachea and and cystic fibrosis, both of which lead to lifelong recurrent lower airways are lined by a superficial epithelium con- respiratory tract infections. We review the methods used to sisting primarily of two types of cells: mucus-producing analyze mucociliary clearance. goblet cells (20%) and ciliated cells (80%). This epithelial Recent findings layer comprises the mucociliary escalator, the primary, Utilization of microdialysis probes has improved temporal and thus essential, mode of defense for the entire respir- resolution of mucociliary clearance in murine airways, atory system. Mucus produced by goblet cells traps availing many genetic mouse
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: Feb 1, 2007
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