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Immunopathogenesis of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in nonhuman primates

Immunopathogenesis of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in nonhuman primates REVIEW URRENT Immunopathogenesis of simian immunodeficiency PINION virus infection in nonhuman primates Joern E. Schmitz and Birgit Korioth-Schmitz Purpose of review Soon after the discovery of HIV-infected humans, rhesus macaques in a colony at the New England Primate Research Center showed similar signs of a progressive immune suppression. The discovery of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-associated disease opened the door to study an AIDS-like illness in nonhuman primates (NHP). Even after 3 decades, this animal model remains an invaluable tool to provide a greater insight into HIV immunopathogenesis. In this review, recent progress in deciphering pathways of immunopathogenesis in SIV-infected NHP is discussed. Recent findings The immense diversity of mutations in SIV stocks prepared at different laboratories has recently been realized. The massive expansion of the enteric virome is a key finding in SIV-induced immunopathogenesis. Defining the function of host restriction factors, like the recently discovered SAMHD1, helps to evaluate the impact of the innate immune responses on virus replication. Utilization of pyrosequencing and defining molecular mechanisms of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I restriction helps to understand how the virus evades CD8 T-cell responses. The definition of MHC class I molecules in different NHP species provides new animal http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Opinion in HIV and Aids Wolters Kluwer Health

Immunopathogenesis of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in nonhuman primates

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Copyright
© 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN
1746-630X
eISSN
1746-6318
DOI
10.1097/COH.0b013e328361cf5b
pmid
23615117
Publisher site
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Abstract

REVIEW URRENT Immunopathogenesis of simian immunodeficiency PINION virus infection in nonhuman primates Joern E. Schmitz and Birgit Korioth-Schmitz Purpose of review Soon after the discovery of HIV-infected humans, rhesus macaques in a colony at the New England Primate Research Center showed similar signs of a progressive immune suppression. The discovery of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-associated disease opened the door to study an AIDS-like illness in nonhuman primates (NHP). Even after 3 decades, this animal model remains an invaluable tool to provide a greater insight into HIV immunopathogenesis. In this review, recent progress in deciphering pathways of immunopathogenesis in SIV-infected NHP is discussed. Recent findings The immense diversity of mutations in SIV stocks prepared at different laboratories has recently been realized. The massive expansion of the enteric virome is a key finding in SIV-induced immunopathogenesis. Defining the function of host restriction factors, like the recently discovered SAMHD1, helps to evaluate the impact of the innate immune responses on virus replication. Utilization of pyrosequencing and defining molecular mechanisms of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I restriction helps to understand how the virus evades CD8 T-cell responses. The definition of MHC class I molecules in different NHP species provides new animal

Journal

Current Opinion in HIV and Aids – Wolters Kluwer Health

Published: Jul 1, 2013

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