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Imaging of the Brain in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Imaging of the Brain in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection REVIEW ARTICLE Imaging of the Brain in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Ravi V. Gottumukkala, BA,* Javier M. Romero, MD,† Roy F. Riascos, MD,‡ Rafael Rojas, MD,§ and Rafael S. Glikstein, MD∥ (CMV) encephalitis. Additionally, CNS tuberculosis (TB) and neu- Abstract: Neurologic disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome rosyphilis afflict AIDS patients with a higher frequency and altered (AIDS) patients is related either to opportunistic pathogens or to direct cen- disease characteristics compared to immunocompetent patients. tral nervous system (CNS) invasion by the human immunodeficiency virus. Though the use of HAART therapy has dramatically reduced Despite the increasing availability of antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic in- the incidence of AIDS-related CNS infections, patients in devel- fections continue to afflict patients in the developing world and in other oping countries or in other populations with poor access to care populations with limited access to appropriate treatment. Classic CNS continue to present with these life-threatening complications. Ad- infections in the setting of AIDS include toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, ditionally, though HAART may prevent advanced HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, and cytomegalovirus en- dementia, milder cognitive or behavioral disturbances can per- cephalitis. Additionally, AIDS patients are far more susceptible to acquir- sist despite therapy. Knowledge of the http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Wolters Kluwer Health

Imaging of the Brain in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

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Copyright
Copyright © 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN
0899-3459
eISSN
1536-1004
DOI
10.1097/RMR.0000000000000031
pmid
25296273
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

REVIEW ARTICLE Imaging of the Brain in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Ravi V. Gottumukkala, BA,* Javier M. Romero, MD,† Roy F. Riascos, MD,‡ Rafael Rojas, MD,§ and Rafael S. Glikstein, MD∥ (CMV) encephalitis. Additionally, CNS tuberculosis (TB) and neu- Abstract: Neurologic disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome rosyphilis afflict AIDS patients with a higher frequency and altered (AIDS) patients is related either to opportunistic pathogens or to direct cen- disease characteristics compared to immunocompetent patients. tral nervous system (CNS) invasion by the human immunodeficiency virus. Though the use of HAART therapy has dramatically reduced Despite the increasing availability of antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic in- the incidence of AIDS-related CNS infections, patients in devel- fections continue to afflict patients in the developing world and in other oping countries or in other populations with poor access to care populations with limited access to appropriate treatment. Classic CNS continue to present with these life-threatening complications. Ad- infections in the setting of AIDS include toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, ditionally, though HAART may prevent advanced HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, and cytomegalovirus en- dementia, milder cognitive or behavioral disturbances can per- cephalitis. Additionally, AIDS patients are far more susceptible to acquir- sist despite therapy. Knowledge of the

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Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging – Wolters Kluwer Health

Published: Oct 1, 2014

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