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a,b a,c a Wen-Hung Chung , Shuen-Iu Hung and Yuan-Tsong Chen Purpose of review Introduction The present article reviews the recent literature on the Drug hypersensitivity is an important clinical problem, identification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles as affecting more than 7% of the general population [1]. It major susceptible genes for drug hypersensitivity and commonly involves the skin and mucosal surfaces, and in discusses the clinical implications. severe cases can lead to hepatitis, renal failure, gastroin- Recent findings testinal bleeding, pneumonitis, bone marrow suppression, Several recent studies have reported strong genetic blindness and death [2]. Almost all drugs have been associations between HLA alleles and susceptibility to drug reported to induce hypersensitivity reactions. Several hypersensitivity. The genetic associations can be drug drugs have been withdrawn from the market as a result of specific, such as HLA-B1502 being associated with the high incidence of severe drug hypersensitivity [3 ]. carbamazepine-induced Stevens – Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), HLA-B5701 with Drug hypersensitivity is typically dose-independent and abacavir hypersensitivity and HLA-B5801 with allopurinol- unpredictable, and the consequence of an exaggerated induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions. A genetic immune-mediated reaction [4 ]. A second exposure to association can also
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: Aug 1, 2007
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