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EDITORIAL REVIEW From lipodystrophy and insulin resistance to metabolic syndrome: HIV infection, treatment and aging Jacqueline Capeau Purpose of review Abbreviation The rapid occurrence of lipodystrophy and metabolic NRTI nucleoside analogue inhibitors of the viral reverse transcriptase alterations in the late 1990s at the same time as antiretroviral treatments were able to control HIV infection 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 1746-630X led to defining a new field of HIV-related complications. Even if their pathophysiology is partly but incompletely understood, the different antiretroviral drugs play the Introduction leading role. In addition, Western countries’ populations The discovery of antiretroviral drugs to control the HIV face a major metabolic risk due to high-fat diet and epidemic occurred in the context of an emergency to try sedentary lifestyle. to delay death. Molecules active on the virus were rapidly Recent findings marketed to treat patients. Toxicity tests were mainly The mechanisms whereby antiretroviral drugs, including checked for major deleterious effects and not for minor first-generation protease inhibitors and thymidine toxicities such as metabolic abnormalities. Too many analogues, alter adipose function have been partly patients were evolving towards AIDS with a wasting deciphered. Lipodystrophic adipose tissue presents an syndrome preceding death, and loss of adipose
Current Opinion in HIV and Aids – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: Jul 1, 2007
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