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RESEARCH ARTICLE Expression and Subcellular Localization of Retinoic Acid Receptor-a (RARa) in Healthy and Varicocele Human Spermatozoa: Its Possible Regulatory Role in Capacitation and Survival Ida Perrotta, PhD,* Mariarita Perri, PhD,w Marta Santoro, PhD,zy Salvatore Panza, PhD,*y Maria C. Caroleo, PhD,w Carmela Guido, PhD,zy Annamaria Mete, PhD,zy Erika Cione, PhD,w and Saveria Aquilawy Key Words: all-trans retinoic acid, retinoic acid receptor-a, Abstract: Varicocele, an abnormal tortuosity and dilation of electron microscopy, human sperm, varicocele veins of the pampiniform plexus, is the most common identifi- (Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2015;23:374–381) able and correctable cause of male infertility. It is now becoming apparent that signaling through vitamin A metabolites, such as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), is indispensable for spermato- genesis and disruption of retinoic acid receptor-a (RARa) aricocele, an abnormal tortuosity and dilatation of function may result in male sterility and aberrant spermato- Vthe veins of the pampiniform plexus within the sper- genesis. Herein, we investigated by Western blot and im- matic cord, is the most common identifiable and cor- munogold electron microscopy the expression profiles and rectable cause of male infertility with an occurrence subcellular localization of RARa in healthy and varicocele hu- frequency of >30% in men with primary
Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: May 1, 2015
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