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The aim of the study was to Investigate the long-term chronic effects of smoking on the flbrinolytic enzyme system by comparing two groups of healthy male volunteers (aged 30 to 40 years). One group consisted of 15 habitual smokers who consumed 20 or more cigarettes a day; the other consisted of 15 nonsmokers. Flbrlnolysls was studied at rest (baseline) and after Infusion of 1-desamino-8-D-arglnlne vasopressln (DDAVP; 0.4 μg/kg body weight). Smokers had significantly lower baseline blood flbrinolytic activity as determined by the overall assays: dilute blood clot lysis (p⩾ 0.05) and euglobulln-flbrln plate assay (p⩾ 0.05). Further analysis showed that these low activities could be attributed to a lower baseline level of extrinsic tissue-type plasmlnogen activator (t-PA) activity (p⩾ 0.05) In the smokers. There were no significant differences between the groups In various flbrinolytic Inhibitors or In the Intrinsic flbrinolytic activation pathways. The Increased levels of t-PA activity and factor VIM R:Ag In response to DDAVP were also reduced in the smokers (p ⩾ 0.01). The relative increase (ratio of post-DDAVP activity/baseline activity) for these parameters was not significantly different for the two groups. Smokers also had significantly higher levels of the acute phase reactants, α-antitryp (p⩾ 0.002) and plasmlnogen (p⩾ 0.02) and C-reactlve protein (p ⩾ 0.01). We suggest that in smokers the endothelial cells show a normal responsiveness to DDAVP stimulation, but produce less t-PA activity and factor VIII R:Ag. This may be significant for the risk of cardiovascular disease in smokers.
Arteriosclerosis – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: Sep 1, 1985
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