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Distinctive features of CD4 +

Distinctive features of CD4 + REVIEW URRENT Distinctive features of CD4 T cell dysfunction in PINION chronic viral infections a b a,c Antigoni Morou , Brent E. Palmer , and Daniel E. Kaufmann Purpose of review To describe recent advances in the understanding of virus-specific CD4 T cell dysfunction in chronic viral infections, with an emphasis on HIV disease. We highlight features that are distinctive for CD4 T cells, as opposed to their CD8 T cell counterparts. Recent findings CD4 T cell activation and differentiation are tightly controlled. Regulation of these processes depends on the context of initial encounter of the naı¨ve CD4 T cell with the cognate antigen and on ongoing external cues to the antigen-experienced CD4 T cell, in particular the inflammatory environment, which is prominent in HIV infection. Virus-specific CD4 T cell dysfunction results from a combination of an exhaustion program and skewing in T helper lineage differentiation which impact function. The CD4 and CD8 T cell exhaustion programs present similarities and distinct features. The sets of inhibitory coreceptors expression differ, although programmed-death 1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3) are þ þ upregulated on both HIV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is þ þ http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Opinion in HIV and Aids Wolters Kluwer Health

Distinctive features of CD4 +

Kaufmann, Daniel E.
Current Opinion in HIV and Aids , Volume 9 (5) – Sep 1, 2014
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Copyright
© 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN
1746-630X
eISSN
1746-6318
DOI
10.1097/COH.0000000000000094
pmid
25023623
Publisher site
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Abstract

REVIEW URRENT Distinctive features of CD4 T cell dysfunction in PINION chronic viral infections a b a,c Antigoni Morou , Brent E. Palmer , and Daniel E. Kaufmann Purpose of review To describe recent advances in the understanding of virus-specific CD4 T cell dysfunction in chronic viral infections, with an emphasis on HIV disease. We highlight features that are distinctive for CD4 T cells, as opposed to their CD8 T cell counterparts. Recent findings CD4 T cell activation and differentiation are tightly controlled. Regulation of these processes depends on the context of initial encounter of the naı¨ve CD4 T cell with the cognate antigen and on ongoing external cues to the antigen-experienced CD4 T cell, in particular the inflammatory environment, which is prominent in HIV infection. Virus-specific CD4 T cell dysfunction results from a combination of an exhaustion program and skewing in T helper lineage differentiation which impact function. The CD4 and CD8 T cell exhaustion programs present similarities and distinct features. The sets of inhibitory coreceptors expression differ, although programmed-death 1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3) are þ þ upregulated on both HIV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is þ þ

Journal

Current Opinion in HIV and Aids – Wolters Kluwer Health

Published: Sep 1, 2014

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