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Designing optimal HIV-vaccine T-cell responses

Designing optimal HIV-vaccine T-cell responses Purpose of reviewT cells can efficaciously control HIV replication, and it has been hypothesized that inducing those responses before exposure occurs may prevent HIV infection. However, conventional attempts to generate protective CD8+ T-cell responses against HIV have generally failed. Based on current knowledge from chronic HIV infection and previous vaccine trials, this review details optimal CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell response design that may confer protection from HIV infection.Recent findingsThe failure of two vaccines geared toward inducing T-cell response (STEP trial and HVTN505/Phambili) as well as the modest protection of the RV144 that mainly demonstrated nonneutralizing antibodies to be a correlate of protection have rattled the idea that a pure T-cell-based vaccine may induce protection. Moreover, in the recent years, CD4+ T cells, and in particular the T follicular helper cell subset, received attention as a critical component for T-cell-inducing and antibody-inducing vaccines.SummaryIt is apparent that all vaccines depend for their efficacy on a cellular component either to directly kill virally infected cells or to provide important helper signals for the development of efficacious B-cell responses. Recent vaccine trials have had a major impact on the field and are guiding new approaches for HIV vaccine design. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS Wolters Kluwer Health

Designing optimal HIV-vaccine T-cell responses

Streeck, Hendrik
Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS , Volume 11 (6) – Nov 1, 2016
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References (83)

Publisher
Wolters Kluwer Health
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
ISSN
1746-630X
eISSN
1746-6318
DOI
10.1097/COH.0000000000000313
pmid
27559707
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Purpose of reviewT cells can efficaciously control HIV replication, and it has been hypothesized that inducing those responses before exposure occurs may prevent HIV infection. However, conventional attempts to generate protective CD8+ T-cell responses against HIV have generally failed. Based on current knowledge from chronic HIV infection and previous vaccine trials, this review details optimal CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell response design that may confer protection from HIV infection.Recent findingsThe failure of two vaccines geared toward inducing T-cell response (STEP trial and HVTN505/Phambili) as well as the modest protection of the RV144 that mainly demonstrated nonneutralizing antibodies to be a correlate of protection have rattled the idea that a pure T-cell-based vaccine may induce protection. Moreover, in the recent years, CD4+ T cells, and in particular the T follicular helper cell subset, received attention as a critical component for T-cell-inducing and antibody-inducing vaccines.SummaryIt is apparent that all vaccines depend for their efficacy on a cellular component either to directly kill virally infected cells or to provide important helper signals for the development of efficacious B-cell responses. Recent vaccine trials have had a major impact on the field and are guiding new approaches for HIV vaccine design.

Journal

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS – Wolters Kluwer Health

Published: Nov 1, 2016

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