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Cancer Immunotherapy and Uveitis: Balancing Anti-Tumor Immunity and Ocular Autoimmunity

Cancer Immunotherapy and Uveitis: Balancing Anti-Tumor Immunity and Ocular Autoimmunity Cancer Immunotherapy and Uveitis: Balancing Anti-Tumor Immunity and Ocular Autoimmunity Aditya Rali, MD Ye Huang, BA Steven Yeh, MD Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies are increasingly 1,2 used for the treatment of metastatic malignancies. These novel therapies have shown remarkable benefits in a range of malignancies, including melanoma, non–small cell lung cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, and numerous others. In general, these therapies work by increasing the activity of the immune system against tumor cells. Increasing the activity of the immune system, however, can have unwanted inflammatory side effects, termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). irAEs can include ophthalmic manifestations, including uveitis, which can vary between anterior uveitis (ie, iris, ciliary body inflammation), intermediate uveitis (ie, ciliary body inflammation leading to vitreous cellular infiltrates), posterior uveitis (ie, retina and choroidal inflammatory findings), and panuveitis. We review the ophthalmic manifestations, mechanisms for immune checkpoint inhib- itors and targeted therapies, including BRAF and mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase (MEK) inhibitors, and their associations with secondary uveitis. We also discuss potential mechanisms from which irAEs may emerge, which may allow us to tailor future therapies to reduce their undesired effects. Mechanism of Action: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Anti-CTLA4 T-cell activation is a complex pathway with multiple http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png International Ophthalmology Clinics Wolters Kluwer Health

Cancer Immunotherapy and Uveitis: Balancing Anti-Tumor Immunity and Ocular Autoimmunity

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References (83)

Publisher
Wolters Kluwer Health
Copyright
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
ISSN
0020-8167
eISSN
1536-9617
DOI
10.1097/iio.0000000000000434
Publisher site
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Abstract

Cancer Immunotherapy and Uveitis: Balancing Anti-Tumor Immunity and Ocular Autoimmunity Aditya Rali, MD Ye Huang, BA Steven Yeh, MD Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies are increasingly 1,2 used for the treatment of metastatic malignancies. These novel therapies have shown remarkable benefits in a range of malignancies, including melanoma, non–small cell lung cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, and numerous others. In general, these therapies work by increasing the activity of the immune system against tumor cells. Increasing the activity of the immune system, however, can have unwanted inflammatory side effects, termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). irAEs can include ophthalmic manifestations, including uveitis, which can vary between anterior uveitis (ie, iris, ciliary body inflammation), intermediate uveitis (ie, ciliary body inflammation leading to vitreous cellular infiltrates), posterior uveitis (ie, retina and choroidal inflammatory findings), and panuveitis. We review the ophthalmic manifestations, mechanisms for immune checkpoint inhib- itors and targeted therapies, including BRAF and mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase (MEK) inhibitors, and their associations with secondary uveitis. We also discuss potential mechanisms from which irAEs may emerge, which may allow us to tailor future therapies to reduce their undesired effects. Mechanism of Action: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Anti-CTLA4 T-cell activation is a complex pathway with multiple

Journal

International Ophthalmology Clinics – Wolters Kluwer Health

Published: Jun 22, 2022

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