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Transition Metal Assisting Pre‐Lithiation Reduces the P/N Ratio to Balance the Energy Density and Cycle Life of Aqueous Batteries

Transition Metal Assisting Pre‐Lithiation Reduces the P/N Ratio to Balance the Energy Density and... Aqueous Li‐ion batteries (ALIBs) are safe, environmentally friendly, and cost‐effective, promising for electric energy storage (EES). The high voltage ALIBs (HV‐ALIBs) supported by water‐in‐salt electrolytes are ideal for lowering the energy cost ($/Wh) of EES. However, HV‐ALIBs have been built with a high positive/negative capacity ratio (P/N ratio) to ensure their long‐term cycle life due to the irreversible Li consumption in the initial cycle induced by the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and the parasitic reaction. Thus, the benefits of HV‐ALIBs in cost and energy density are mitigated inevitably. Generally, the feasible approach is adding per‐lithiation additives (PAs) to compensate for the capacity loss in the initial cycle. However, using PAs in ALIBs is challenging due to the high chemical activity of water. Here, a new strategy to achieve the pre‐lithiation by introducing manganese metal as a sacrificial PA for HV‐ALIBs that can provide over 900 mAh g−1 specific capacity without any adverse impact is proposed. The P/N ratio reduces to 1.02 by the LiMn2O4||TiO2 pouch cell using the sacrificial manganese PA. This results in a high initial energy density above 120 Wh kg−1 and outstanding cycle stability with a capacity retention of 80% after 400 cycles. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Advanced Energy Materials Wiley

Transition Metal Assisting Pre‐Lithiation Reduces the P/N Ratio to Balance the Energy Density and Cycle Life of Aqueous Batteries

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Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2022 Wiley‐VCH GmbH
ISSN
1614-6832
eISSN
1614-6840
DOI
10.1002/aenm.202202447
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Aqueous Li‐ion batteries (ALIBs) are safe, environmentally friendly, and cost‐effective, promising for electric energy storage (EES). The high voltage ALIBs (HV‐ALIBs) supported by water‐in‐salt electrolytes are ideal for lowering the energy cost ($/Wh) of EES. However, HV‐ALIBs have been built with a high positive/negative capacity ratio (P/N ratio) to ensure their long‐term cycle life due to the irreversible Li consumption in the initial cycle induced by the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and the parasitic reaction. Thus, the benefits of HV‐ALIBs in cost and energy density are mitigated inevitably. Generally, the feasible approach is adding per‐lithiation additives (PAs) to compensate for the capacity loss in the initial cycle. However, using PAs in ALIBs is challenging due to the high chemical activity of water. Here, a new strategy to achieve the pre‐lithiation by introducing manganese metal as a sacrificial PA for HV‐ALIBs that can provide over 900 mAh g−1 specific capacity without any adverse impact is proposed. The P/N ratio reduces to 1.02 by the LiMn2O4||TiO2 pouch cell using the sacrificial manganese PA. This results in a high initial energy density above 120 Wh kg−1 and outstanding cycle stability with a capacity retention of 80% after 400 cycles.

Journal

Advanced Energy Materials – Wiley

Published: Nov 1, 2022

Keywords: aqueous lithium batteries; pre‐lithiation additives

References

  • Materials for Sustainable Energy: A Collection of Peer‐Reviewed Research and Review Articles from Nature Publishing Group
    Tarascon, J.‐M.; Armand, M.