Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Toward a Science of Learning Games

Toward a Science of Learning Games Reinforcement learning involves a tight coupling of reward‐associated behavior and a type of learning that is very different from that promoted by education. However, the emerging understanding of its underlying processes may help derive principles for effective learning games that have, until now, been elusive. This article first reviews findings from cognitive neuroscience and psychology to provide insight into the motivating role of uncertain reward in games, including educational games. Then, a short experiment is reported to illustrate the potential of reward‐based neurocomputational models of behavior in the understanding and development of effective learning games. In this study, a reward‐based model of behavior is shown to predict recall of newly learned information during a simple learning game. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Mind, Brain, and Education Wiley

Toward a Science of Learning Games

Download PDF
9 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/wiley/toward-a-science-of-learning-games-xrm7o8qWSj
Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2011 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2011 International Mind, Brain, and Education Society and Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
ISSN
1751-2271
eISSN
1751-228X
DOI
10.1111/j.1751-228X.2011.01108.x
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Reinforcement learning involves a tight coupling of reward‐associated behavior and a type of learning that is very different from that promoted by education. However, the emerging understanding of its underlying processes may help derive principles for effective learning games that have, until now, been elusive. This article first reviews findings from cognitive neuroscience and psychology to provide insight into the motivating role of uncertain reward in games, including educational games. Then, a short experiment is reported to illustrate the potential of reward‐based neurocomputational models of behavior in the understanding and development of effective learning games. In this study, a reward‐based model of behavior is shown to predict recall of newly learned information during a simple learning game.

Journal

Mind, Brain, and Education – Wiley

Published: Mar 1, 2011

References

  • Reward‐motivated learning: Mesolimbic activation precedes memory formation.
    Adcock, Adcock
  • Motivational determinants of risk taking behaviour.
    Atkinson, Atkinson
  • Influences on classroom interest.
    Bergin, Bergin
  • What is the role of dopamine in reward: Hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?
    Berridge, Berridge; Robinson, Robinson
  • Short‐term memory traces for action bias in human reinforcement learning.
    Bogacz, Bogacz; McClure, McClure; Li, Li; Cohen, Cohen; Montague, Montague
  • Positive and negative modulation of word learning by reward anticipation (Article).
    Callan, Callan; Schweighofer, Schweighofer
  • Effects of payoff and task context on academic risk taking
    Clifford, Clifford; Chou, Chou
  • Should I stay or should I go? How the human brain manages the trade‐off between exploitation and exploration (Proceedings paper).
    Cohen, Cohen; McClure, McClure; Yu, Yu
  • Cortical substrates for exploratory decisions in humans.
    Daw, Daw; O’Doherty, O’Doherty; Dayan, Dayan; Seymour, Seymour; Dolan, Dolan
  • A meta‐analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation (Review).
    Deci, Deci; Koestner, Koestner; Ryan, Ryan
  • Effects of incentive on cued‐recall (Article).
    Eysenck, Eysenck; Eysenck, Eysenck
  • Leptin regulates striatal regions and human eating behavior (Article).
    Farooqi, Farooqi; Bullmore, Bullmore; Keogh, Keogh; Gillard, Gillard; O’Rahilly, O’Rahilly; Fletcher, Fletcher
  • Discrete coding of reward probability and uncertainty by dopamine neurons.
    Fiorillo, Fiorillo; Tobler, Tobler; Schultz, Schultz
  • Motivational orientation, error monitoring, and academic performance in middle childhood: A behavioral and electrophysiological investigation.
    Fisher, Fisher; Marshall, Marshall; Nanayakkara, Nanayakkara
  • Games, motivation, and learning: A research and practice model.
    Garris, Garris; Ahlers, Ahlers; Driskell, Driskell
  • Motivation and long‐term memory (Article).
    Heinrich, Heinrich
  • Playfulness‐based design in educational games: A perspective on an evolutionary contest game.
    Hong, Hong; Hwang, Hwang; Lu, Lu; Cheng, Cheng; Lee, Lee; Lin, Lin
  • Philosophical challenges for researchers at the interface between neuroscience and education.
    Howard‐Jones, Howard‐Jones
  • Uncertainty and engagement with learning games.
    Howard‐Jones, Howard‐Jones; Demetriou, Demetriou
  • We feel, therefore we learn: The relevance of affective and social neuroscience to education.
    Immordino‐Yang, Immordino‐Yang; Damasio, Damasio
  • Anticipation of monetary reward selectively recruits nucleus accumbens.
    Knutson, Knutson; Adams, Adams; Fong, Fong; Hommer, Hommer
  • Evidence for striatal dopamine release during a video game.
    Koepp, Koepp; Gunn, Gunn; Lawrence, Lawrence; Cunningham, Cunningham; Dagher, Dagher; Jones, Jones
  • The hippocampal‐VTA loop: Controlling the entry of information into long‐term memory (Review).
    Lisman, Lisman; Grace, Grace
  • Eye fixations and recognition memory for pictures (Article).
    Loftus, Loftus
  • Toward a theory of intrinsically motivating instruction.
    Malone, Malone
  • Temporal prediction errors in a passive learning task activate human striatum (Article).
    McClure, McClure; Berns, Berns; Montague, Montague
  • Foundations for a new science of learning (Review).
    Meltzoff, Meltzoff; Kuhl, Kuhl; Movellan, Movellan; Sejnowski, Sejnowski
  • What is remembered? Role of attention on the encoding and retrieval of hippocampal representations (Review).
    Muzzio, Muzzio; Kentros, Kentros; Kandel, Kandel
  • Activity in human reward‐sensitive brain areas is strongly context dependent.
    Nieuwenhuis, Nieuwenhuis; Heslenfeld, Heslenfeld; von Geusau, von Geusau; Mars, Mars; Holroyd, Holroyd; Yeung, Yeung
  • Motivated memory—Dissociation between performance data and subjective reports (Article).
    Nilsson, Nilsson
  • Dissociable roles of ventral and dorsal striatum in instrumental conditioning (Article).
    O’Doherty, O’Doherty; Dayan, Dayan; Schultz, Schultz; Deichmann, Deichmann; Friston, Friston; Dolan, Dolan
  • On grandmother neurons and grandfather clocks.
    Perkins, Perkins
  • A neural substrate of prediction and reward (Article).
    Schultz, Schultz; Dayan, Dayan; Montague, Montague
  • Gambling on dopamine.
    Shizgal, Shizgal; Arvanitogiannis, Arvanitogiannis
  • Brains and the dynamics of “wants” and “cans” in learning.
    Van Geert, Van Geert; Steenbeek, Steenbeek
  • Motivation and memory.
    Wiener, Wiener
  • Dopamine, learning and motivation (Review).
    Wise, Wise