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Thermally Activated P2‐O3 Mixed Layered Cathodes toward Synergistic Electrochemical Enhancement for Na Ion Batteries

Thermally Activated P2‐O3 Mixed Layered Cathodes toward Synergistic Electrochemical Enhancement... Layer‐structured oxide cathodes have a lot of phases, which can be varied depending on Na ion contents and finally determine their electrochemical properties. Therefore, the off‐stoichiometry of layer‐structured oxides with the Na ions may differentiate not only their capacities but also the cyclic stabilities, kinetics, and so on, highlighting the importance of Na ion content. However, Na2CO3 tends to be irreversibly formed on surface by making use of the Na ions lost from the lattice. Thereby, the O3 phase with stoichiometric Na content changes into the off‐stoichiometric P2 phase bringing about significant disadvantages. To address this issue, a thermal activation process is suggested to simultaneously decompose Na2CO3 into electrochemically active Na ions and modulate the off‐stoichiometric P2 phase into the stoichiometric O3 phase. This study indicates that minimizing the loss of Na ions and maintaining the lattice framework with higher contents of Na ions during the synthesis of Na‐incorporating layered cathodes should be a key toward attaining electrochemical superiority. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Advanced Energy Materials Wiley

Thermally Activated P2‐O3 Mixed Layered Cathodes toward Synergistic Electrochemical Enhancement for Na Ion Batteries

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References (38)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2021 Wiley‐VCH GmbH
ISSN
1614-6832
eISSN
1614-6840
DOI
10.1002/aenm.202102444
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Layer‐structured oxide cathodes have a lot of phases, which can be varied depending on Na ion contents and finally determine their electrochemical properties. Therefore, the off‐stoichiometry of layer‐structured oxides with the Na ions may differentiate not only their capacities but also the cyclic stabilities, kinetics, and so on, highlighting the importance of Na ion content. However, Na2CO3 tends to be irreversibly formed on surface by making use of the Na ions lost from the lattice. Thereby, the O3 phase with stoichiometric Na content changes into the off‐stoichiometric P2 phase bringing about significant disadvantages. To address this issue, a thermal activation process is suggested to simultaneously decompose Na2CO3 into electrochemically active Na ions and modulate the off‐stoichiometric P2 phase into the stoichiometric O3 phase. This study indicates that minimizing the loss of Na ions and maintaining the lattice framework with higher contents of Na ions during the synthesis of Na‐incorporating layered cathodes should be a key toward attaining electrochemical superiority.

Journal

Advanced Energy MaterialsWiley

Published: Nov 1, 2021

Keywords: cathode materials; phase formation; sodium carbonate; sodium ion batteries; sodium manganese oxides; thermal activation

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