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The medial temporal memory system in Down syndrome: Translating animal models of hippocampal compromise

The medial temporal memory system in Down syndrome: Translating animal models of hippocampal... Recent studies have highlighted the dentate gyrus as a region of increased vulnerability in mouse models of Down syndrome (DS). It is unclear to what extent these findings are reflected in the memory profile of people with the condition. We developed a series of novel tasks to probe distinct medial temporal functions in children and young adults with DS, including object, spatial, and temporal order memory. Relative to mental age‐matched controls (n = 45), individuals with DS (n = 28) were unimpaired on subtests involving short‐term object or configural recall that was divorced from spatial or temporal contexts. By contrast, the DS group had difficulty recalling spatial locations when contextual information was salient and recalling the order in which objects were serially presented. Results are consistent with dysfunction of spatial and temporal contextual pattern separation abilities in individuals with DS, mediated by the hippocampus, including the dentate gyrus. Amidst increasing calls to bridge human and animal work, the memory profile demonstrated here in humans with DS is strikingly similar to that of the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS. The study highlights the trisynaptic circuit as a potentially fruitful intervention target to mitigate cognitive impairments associated with DS. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Hippocampus Wiley

The medial temporal memory system in Down syndrome: Translating animal models of hippocampal compromise

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References (88)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ISSN
1050-9631
eISSN
1098-1063
DOI
10.1002/hipo.22724
pmid
28346765
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Recent studies have highlighted the dentate gyrus as a region of increased vulnerability in mouse models of Down syndrome (DS). It is unclear to what extent these findings are reflected in the memory profile of people with the condition. We developed a series of novel tasks to probe distinct medial temporal functions in children and young adults with DS, including object, spatial, and temporal order memory. Relative to mental age‐matched controls (n = 45), individuals with DS (n = 28) were unimpaired on subtests involving short‐term object or configural recall that was divorced from spatial or temporal contexts. By contrast, the DS group had difficulty recalling spatial locations when contextual information was salient and recalling the order in which objects were serially presented. Results are consistent with dysfunction of spatial and temporal contextual pattern separation abilities in individuals with DS, mediated by the hippocampus, including the dentate gyrus. Amidst increasing calls to bridge human and animal work, the memory profile demonstrated here in humans with DS is strikingly similar to that of the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS. The study highlights the trisynaptic circuit as a potentially fruitful intervention target to mitigate cognitive impairments associated with DS.

Journal

HippocampusWiley

Published: Jun 1, 2017

Keywords: ; ; ; ;

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