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THE IMPORTANCE OF ANTIBACTERIAL PREPARATIONS FOR INTENSIVE REARING OF STURGEON FRY

THE IMPORTANCE OF ANTIBACTERIAL PREPARATIONS FOR INTENSIVE REARING OF STURGEON FRY THE IMPORTANCE OF ANTIBACTERIAL PREPARATIONS FOR INTENSIVE REARING OF STURGEON FRY N.A. Abrosimova AzNIIRKH Beregovaya 21D Rostov-on-Don, 344007 RUSSIA The rearing of healthy and physiologically valuable fry of sturgeons depends in large measure on rational feeding. Of importance is not only the protein, fat and carbohydrate content but also such biologically active substances as antibiotics. The bacterial flora is known to be an essential component of any healthy organism (Shivokene, 1989). Any artificial interference with the coexistence between an animal and its microbial population resulting in suppression or disappearance of some micro-organisms may lead to pathological conditions. Of particular importance is the introduction into artificial mixed feeds of antibiotics when the fish are fed dry granulated feeds where thermal processing lowers antibiotic activities. The use of antibiotics can also become expedient when fishes are reared at high densities (Marchenko, 1987). It has been shown that the best effect is produced by complex doses of antibiotics which are structurally distant in their chemical composition and pharmacological action (Malikova, 1978). When rearing sturgeon fry, artificial feed contained additions of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg vitarriicin and 1, 2 and 3 mg kormogrizin as well as their mixture at, respectively, 0.2 and 2 mg per kg of feed (all weights denote active ingredient). These preparations stimulated growth of fry; Vitamicin and kormogrizin added to the feed led to increased absolute rates of growth by 1 3 5 2 3 % and 15-3 I%, respectievly as compared with the control. The yield of the live fry went up by 10-45%. Antibiotics in the feed positively affected somatic metabolism leading to a greater accumulation of dry matter, proteins and lipids. A positive correlation was noted between the accumulation of dry matter and proteins (r = 0.849-0.996) as well as between the accumulation of energy and proteins (r - 0.6620.908). It is well known that the intensity of somatic metabolism depends directly on the acce:ssibility of feed and its assimilation in digestion. When the dose of kormogrizin was increased from 1 mg to 3 mg of active ingredient, the digestion of organic matter increased from 28 to 44%. Vitamicin affected the digestion of the organic fraction to a lesser extent (by not more than ISYO). The different doses of the preparations was reflected in enhanced activity of some digestive enzymes in the sturgeon fry. The activity of trypsin in the alimentary tract of sturgeons fed by the diet containing vitamicin and kormogrizin has increased by 14-17% and 13-22% as compared to the control. The activity of amylase has increased from 149 to 88% by vitamicin, while kormogrizin had an opposite effect - when its dose was increased the activity of amylase grew from 128 to 149% The enhancement of the activity of digestion of the enzymes due to antibiotics is one of the factors contributing to a better assimilation of artificial rations, in other words, to the effectiveness of their use. Thus, when these preparations are introduced the retention of proteins in sturgeon increased by 1135% and the accumulation ol' energy was also higher by 26-38%. However, it should be noted that the growth-stimulating and protein-preserving effect of' vitamicin and kormogrizin when introduced in mixed feeds (10.3 and 3 mg per kg of feed) some pathological transformations of erythrocytes have been detected in the fry. The best growth-stimulating effect has been produced by complex introduction of vitamicin and kormogrizin 0.2 and 2 mg of a.i. to 1 kg of feed. Regardless of the quality of the ration the gain in weight exceeded by 37.6% the control and the survival was greater by 14%. This made it possible to reduce the expenditure for feeds by 43%. The combination of vitamicin and kormogrizin led to a greater (by 48%) accumulation of organic and mineral water in fishes. For example, the accumulation of protein and energy exceeded the control by 1.5 times. The introduction of vitamicin-kormogrizin mixture increased the digestibility of the main feeding stuffs by 14-36% compared to the control owing to enhanced activity of pepsin and trypsin by nearly 20% and amylase by 28%. The effectiveness of protein and energy assimilation by the fry increased by over 35%. References E.M.Malikova (1978). Fischerei-Forschung Wissenschaftliche Schriftenreihe.16(3) : 41-44. A.M. Marchenko (1987). Tr.ANSSSR zoolog.instituta,171 :82-91. Ya.S. Shivokene. (1989). Symbiotic digestion of hydrobionts and insects. Vilnus, Mosklas. 222pp. PERFORMANCE OF Acipenser baeri REARED AT TWO WATER TEMPERATURES M. Amerio, C. Ruggi & C. Badini Istituto di Scienze degli Alirnenti e della Nutrizione (ISAN), Facolt2 di Agraria, Universith Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. via Ernilia Parrnense 84, 291 00 Piacenza, Italy. Introduction Rearing and breeding of the Siberian sturgeon has been studied in Japan (since 1964), in France (since 1973) and in Hungary (1981) (Williot and Brun, 1982; Williot and Rouault, 1982; Williot and Rouault, 1985; Fauconneau et al., 1986; Dabrowski et al., 1987); however, knowledge of Siberian sturgeon nutrition is still limited (Kaushik et al., 1989; Kaushik et al., 1991; Medale et al., 1991a; Mtdale et al., 1991b). The relationship between water temperature and growth rate has been studied for many species of fish but little information is available on sturgeons and in particular on Siberian sturgeon: Williot (1986) reported good growth performance of A . baeri reared at temperatures around 20°C. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of A.baeri reared in tanks with water at two different temperatures, comparing specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF) and feed efficiency (FGR). Materials and Methods The trial was conducted at the ENEL SpA La Casella Experimental Thermal Aquaculture Plant, using the warmed waste-waters of a power station in Northern Italy. Fortyfour A . baeri, of the same genetic strain and age (average weight 1,3502269g) were randomly allotted to four square 1200 litre fiberglass tanks ( 1 1 fisheshank; 12.4 kg/m3). Two duplicate tanks were supplied with water at 18+1"C (Group I) and two tanks at 24+I0C (Group 11). Water flow was set at 17 bin, provided with supplemental aerator stones; fish were allowed 12 hours artificial light, and adjusted to the experimental conditions for 3 weeks. The diet used was an extruded feed containing by dry weight 40.4% herring meal, 16% corn flakes, 20% fish oil, 15% soybean meal, 6% sprayed blood meal and 2.6% vitamins and minerals integrator (Premix). The analytical composition of the diet (91.30% dry matter) was: 8.7% ash, 48.4% crude protein, 17.3% crude lipid (on dry weight basis). Feeding levels were 1.1 and 1.2 % of body weight, for Group I and I1 respectively, http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Applied Ichthyology Wiley

THE IMPORTANCE OF ANTIBACTERIAL PREPARATIONS FOR INTENSIVE REARING OF STURGEON FRY

Journal of Applied Ichthyology , Volume 15 (4‐5) – Sep 1, 1999

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References (2)

  • Malikova E.M. (1978)

    41

    Fischerei-Forschung Wissenschaftliche Schriftenreihe, 16

  • Marchenko A.M. (1987)

    82

    Tr.ANSSSR zoolog.instituta, 171

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
ISSN
0175-8659
eISSN
1439-0426
DOI
10.1111/j.1439-0426.1999.tb00355.x
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

THE IMPORTANCE OF ANTIBACTERIAL PREPARATIONS FOR INTENSIVE REARING OF STURGEON FRY N.A. Abrosimova AzNIIRKH Beregovaya 21D Rostov-on-Don, 344007 RUSSIA The rearing of healthy and physiologically valuable fry of sturgeons depends in large measure on rational feeding. Of importance is not only the protein, fat and carbohydrate content but also such biologically active substances as antibiotics. The bacterial flora is known to be an essential component of any healthy organism (Shivokene, 1989). Any artificial interference with the coexistence between an animal and its microbial population resulting in suppression or disappearance of some micro-organisms may lead to pathological conditions. Of particular importance is the introduction into artificial mixed feeds of antibiotics when the fish are fed dry granulated feeds where thermal processing lowers antibiotic activities. The use of antibiotics can also become expedient when fishes are reared at high densities (Marchenko, 1987). It has been shown that the best effect is produced by complex doses of antibiotics which are structurally distant in their chemical composition and pharmacological action (Malikova, 1978). When rearing sturgeon fry, artificial feed contained additions of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg vitarriicin and 1, 2 and 3 mg kormogrizin as well as their mixture at, respectively, 0.2 and 2 mg per kg of feed (all weights denote active ingredient). These preparations stimulated growth of fry; Vitamicin and kormogrizin added to the feed led to increased absolute rates of growth by 1 3 5 2 3 % and 15-3 I%, respectievly as compared with the control. The yield of the live fry went up by 10-45%. Antibiotics in the feed positively affected somatic metabolism leading to a greater accumulation of dry matter, proteins and lipids. A positive correlation was noted between the accumulation of dry matter and proteins (r = 0.849-0.996) as well as between the accumulation of energy and proteins (r - 0.6620.908). It is well known that the intensity of somatic metabolism depends directly on the acce:ssibility of feed and its assimilation in digestion. When the dose of kormogrizin was increased from 1 mg to 3 mg of active ingredient, the digestion of organic matter increased from 28 to 44%. Vitamicin affected the digestion of the organic fraction to a lesser extent (by not more than ISYO). The different doses of the preparations was reflected in enhanced activity of some digestive enzymes in the sturgeon fry. The activity of trypsin in the alimentary tract of sturgeons fed by the diet containing vitamicin and kormogrizin has increased by 14-17% and 13-22% as compared to the control. The activity of amylase has increased from 149 to 88% by vitamicin, while kormogrizin had an opposite effect - when its dose was increased the activity of amylase grew from 128 to 149% The enhancement of the activity of digestion of the enzymes due to antibiotics is one of the factors contributing to a better assimilation of artificial rations, in other words, to the effectiveness of their use. Thus, when these preparations are introduced the retention of proteins in sturgeon increased by 1135% and the accumulation ol' energy was also higher by 26-38%. However, it should be noted that the growth-stimulating and protein-preserving effect of' vitamicin and kormogrizin when introduced in mixed feeds (10.3 and 3 mg per kg of feed) some pathological transformations of erythrocytes have been detected in the fry. The best growth-stimulating effect has been produced by complex introduction of vitamicin and kormogrizin 0.2 and 2 mg of a.i. to 1 kg of feed. Regardless of the quality of the ration the gain in weight exceeded by 37.6% the control and the survival was greater by 14%. This made it possible to reduce the expenditure for feeds by 43%. The combination of vitamicin and kormogrizin led to a greater (by 48%) accumulation of organic and mineral water in fishes. For example, the accumulation of protein and energy exceeded the control by 1.5 times. The introduction of vitamicin-kormogrizin mixture increased the digestibility of the main feeding stuffs by 14-36% compared to the control owing to enhanced activity of pepsin and trypsin by nearly 20% and amylase by 28%. The effectiveness of protein and energy assimilation by the fry increased by over 35%. References E.M.Malikova (1978). Fischerei-Forschung Wissenschaftliche Schriftenreihe.16(3) : 41-44. A.M. Marchenko (1987). Tr.ANSSSR zoolog.instituta,171 :82-91. Ya.S. Shivokene. (1989). Symbiotic digestion of hydrobionts and insects. Vilnus, Mosklas. 222pp. PERFORMANCE OF Acipenser baeri REARED AT TWO WATER TEMPERATURES M. Amerio, C. Ruggi & C. Badini Istituto di Scienze degli Alirnenti e della Nutrizione (ISAN), Facolt2 di Agraria, Universith Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. via Ernilia Parrnense 84, 291 00 Piacenza, Italy. Introduction Rearing and breeding of the Siberian sturgeon has been studied in Japan (since 1964), in France (since 1973) and in Hungary (1981) (Williot and Brun, 1982; Williot and Rouault, 1982; Williot and Rouault, 1985; Fauconneau et al., 1986; Dabrowski et al., 1987); however, knowledge of Siberian sturgeon nutrition is still limited (Kaushik et al., 1989; Kaushik et al., 1991; Medale et al., 1991a; Mtdale et al., 1991b). The relationship between water temperature and growth rate has been studied for many species of fish but little information is available on sturgeons and in particular on Siberian sturgeon: Williot (1986) reported good growth performance of A . baeri reared at temperatures around 20°C. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of A.baeri reared in tanks with water at two different temperatures, comparing specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF) and feed efficiency (FGR). Materials and Methods The trial was conducted at the ENEL SpA La Casella Experimental Thermal Aquaculture Plant, using the warmed waste-waters of a power station in Northern Italy. Fortyfour A . baeri, of the same genetic strain and age (average weight 1,3502269g) were randomly allotted to four square 1200 litre fiberglass tanks ( 1 1 fisheshank; 12.4 kg/m3). Two duplicate tanks were supplied with water at 18+1"C (Group I) and two tanks at 24+I0C (Group 11). Water flow was set at 17 bin, provided with supplemental aerator stones; fish were allowed 12 hours artificial light, and adjusted to the experimental conditions for 3 weeks. The diet used was an extruded feed containing by dry weight 40.4% herring meal, 16% corn flakes, 20% fish oil, 15% soybean meal, 6% sprayed blood meal and 2.6% vitamins and minerals integrator (Premix). The analytical composition of the diet (91.30% dry matter) was: 8.7% ash, 48.4% crude protein, 17.3% crude lipid (on dry weight basis). Feeding levels were 1.1 and 1.2 % of body weight, for Group I and I1 respectively,

Journal

Journal of Applied IchthyologyWiley

Published: Sep 1, 1999

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