Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
T. Eisenbarth, T. Unold, R. Caballero, C. Kaufmann, H. Schock (2010)
Interpretation of admittance, capacitance-voltage, and current-voltage signatures in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cellsJournal of Applied Physics, 107
D. Mitzi, M. Copel, S. Chey (2005)
Low‐Voltage Transistor Employing a High‐Mobility Spin‐Coated Chalcogenide SemiconductorAdvanced Materials, 17
D. Mitzi, M. Copel, C. Murray (2006)
High‐Mobility p‐Type Transistor Based on a Spin‐Coated Metal Telluride SemiconductorAdvanced Materials, 18
O. Gunawan, T. Todorov, D. Mitzi (2010)
Loss mechanisms in hydrazine-processed Cu2ZnSn(Se,S)4 solar cellsApplied Physics Letters, 97
S. Yannopoulos, K. Andrikopoulos (2004)
Raman scattering study on structural and dynamical features of noncrystalline selenium.The Journal of chemical physics, 121 10
(2010)
“ Nanosolar Achieves 17 . 1 % Aperture Effi ciency Through Printed CIGS Process , ” October 2011
J. Ziomek, M. Zeidler (1963)
Raman spectra, normal coordinate treatment, and calculated thermodynamic properties for hydrazine and tetradeuterohydrazineJournal of Molecular Spectroscopy, 11
R. Noufi, K. Zweibel (2006)
High-Efficiency CdTe and CIGS Thin-Film Solar Cells: Highlights and Challenges2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference, 1
K. Nagata, Takatoshi Ishikawa, Y. Miyamoto (1985)
Raman Spectrum of Selenium Dissolved in an Aqueous Solution of Sodium SulfideJapanese Journal of Applied Physics, 24
B. Stanbery (2002)
Copper Indium Selenides and Related Materials for Photovoltaic DevicesCritical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, 27
K. Wang, B. Shin, K. Reuter, T. Todorov, D. Mitzi, S. Guha (2011)
Structural and elemental characterization of high efficiency Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cellsApplied Physics Letters, 98
B. Basol (2000)
Low cost techniques for the preparation of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S) 2 absorber layersThin Solid Films, 361
B. Streetman (1973)
Solid State Electronic DevicesPhysics Bulletin, 24
(2011)
Announces First Quarter 2011 Financial Results
K. Ramanathan, M. Contreras, C. Perkins, S. Asher, F. Hasoon, J. Keane, D. Young, M. Romero, W. Metzger, R. Noufi, J. Ward, A. Duda (2003)
Properties of 19.2% efficiency ZnO/CdS/CuInGaSe2 thin‐film solar cellsProgress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 11
S. Niki, M. Contreras, I. Repins, M. Powalla, K. Kushiya, S. Ishizuka, K. Matsubara (2010)
CIGS absorbers and processesProgress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 18
D. Mitzi, L. Kosbar, C. Murray, M. Copel, A. Afzali (2004)
High-mobility ultrathin semiconducting films prepared by spin coatingNature, 428
U. Rau (1999)
Tunneling-enhanced recombination in Cu(In, Ga)Se2 heterojunction solar cellsApplied Physics Letters, 74
P. Erslev, W. Shafarman, J. Cohen (2011)
Metastable properties of Cu(In1−xGax)Se2 with and without sodiumApplied Physics Letters, 98
D. Milliron, D. Mitzi, M. Copel, C. Murray (2006)
Solution-Processed Metal Chalcogenide Films for p-Type TransistorsChemistry of Materials, 18
M. Hetzer, Y. Strzhemechny, M. Gao, M. Contreras, A. Zunger, L. Brillson (2005)
Direct observation of copper depletion and potential changes at copper indium gallium diselenide grain boundariesApplied Physics Letters, 86
I. Repins, B. Stanbery, D. Young, S. Li, W. Metzger, C. Perkins, W. Shafarman, M. Beck, L. Chen, V. Kapur, D. Tarrant, M. Gonzalez, D. Jensen, T. Anderson, X. Wang, L. Kerr, B. Keyes, S. Asher, A. Delahoy, B. Roedern (2006)
Comparison of device performance and measured transport parameters in widely‐varying Cu(In,Ga) (Se,S) solar cellsProgress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 14
S. Wei, Shengbai Zhang, A. Zunger (1999)
Effects of Na on the electrical and structural properties of CuInSe2Journal of Applied Physics, 85
R. Scheer, A. Pérez‐Rodríguez, W. Metzger (2010)
Advanced diagnostic and control methods of processes and layers in CIGS solar cells and modulesProgress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 18
B. Ohnesorge, R. Weigand, G. Bacher, A. Forchel, W. Riedl, F. Karg (1998)
Minority-carrier lifetime and efficiency of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cellsApplied Physics Letters, 73
O. Tober, J. Wienke, M. Winkler, J. Penndorf, J. Griesche (2003)
Current Status and Future Prospects of CISCuT Based Solar Cells and ModulesMRS Proceedings, 763
A. Baeyer
Ueber die Reduction des IndigblausEuropean Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 1
L. Stolt, Jonas Hedström, J. Kessler, M. Ruckh, K. Velthaus, H. Schock (1993)
ZnO/CdS/CuInSe2 thin‐film solar cells with improved performanceApplied Physics Letters, 62
M. Yuan, D. Mitzi, O. Gunawan, A. Kellock, S. Chey, V. Deline (2010)
Antimony assisted low-temperature processing of CuIn1 − xGaxSe2 − ySy solar cellsThin Solid Films, 519
D. Mitzi (2007)
N4H9Cu7S4: a hydrazinium-based salt with a layered Cu7S4- framework.Inorganic chemistry, 46 3
C. Andrew, H. Yeom, J. Valentine, B. Karlsson, G. Pouderoyen, G. Canters, T. Loehr, J. Sanders-Loehr, N. Bonander (1994)
Raman Spectroscopy as an Indicator of Cu-S Bond Length in Type 1 and Type 2 Copper Cysteinate ProteinsJournal of the American Chemical Society, 116
T. Todorov, D. Mitzi (2010)
Direct Liquid Coating of Chalcopyrite Light‐Absorbing Layers for Photovoltaic DevicesEuropean Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2010
D. Mitzi, M. Yuan, Wei Liu, A. Kellock, S. Chey, V. Deline, A. Schrott (2008)
A High‐Efficiency Solution‐Deposited Thin‐Film Photovoltaic DeviceAdvanced Materials, 20
S. Siebentritt, U. Rau (2006)
Wide-Gap Chalcopyrites
T. Nakada, A. Kunioka (1999)
Direct evidence of Cd diffusion into Cu(In, Ga)Se2 thin films during chemical-bath deposition process of CdS filmsApplied Physics Letters, 74
B. Lei, W. Hou, Sheng-Han Li, Wenbing Yang, C. Chung, Yang Yang (2011)
Cadmium ion soaking treatment for solution processed CuInSxSe2−x solar cells and its effect on defect propertiesSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 95
L. Peter (2011)
Towards sustainable photovoltaics: the search for new materialsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 369
T. Wada, N. Kohara, S. Nishiwaki, T. Negami (2001)
Characterization of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2/Mo interface in CIGS solar cellsThin Solid Films, 387
R. Herberholz, M. Igalson, H. Schock (1998)
Distinction between bulk and interface states in CuInSe2/CdS/ZnO by space charge spectroscopyJournal of Applied Physics, 83
S. Ishizuka, A. Yamada, K. Matsubara, P. Fons, K. Sakurai, S. Niki (2008)
Alkali incorporation control in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films using silicate thin layers and applications in enhancing flexible solar cell efficiencyApplied Physics Letters, 93
J. Vidal, S. Botti, P. Olsson, J. Guillemoles, L. Reining (2010)
Strong interplay between structure and electronic properties in CuIn(S,Se){2}: a first-principles study.Physical review letters, 104 5
L. Kronik, D. Cahen, H. Schock (1998)
Effects of Sodium on Polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and Its Solar Cell PerformanceAdvanced Materials, 10
M. Kaelin, D. Rudmann, A. Tiwari (2004)
Low cost processing of CIGS thin film solar cellsSolar Energy, 77
C. Hibberd, E. Chassaing, Wei Liu, D. Mitzi, Daniel Lincot, A. Tiwari (2010)
Non‐vacuum methods for formation of Cu(In, Ga)(Se, S)2 thin film photovoltaic absorbersProgress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 18
Qing Cao, O. Gunawan, M. Copel, K. Reuter, S. Chey, V. Deline, D. Mitzi (2011)
Defects in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Chalcopyrite Semiconductors: A Comparative Study of Material Properties, Defect States, and Photovoltaic PerformanceAdvanced Energy Materials, 1
C. Chung, Sheng-Han Li, B. Lei, Wenbing Yang, W. Hou, B. Bob, Yang Yang (2011)
Identification of the Molecular Precursors for Hydrazine Solution Processed CuIn(Se,S)2 Films and Their InteractionsChemistry of Materials, 23
I. Repins, M. Contreras, B. Egaas, C. Dehart, J. Scharf, C. Perkins, B. To, R. Noufi (2008)
19·9%‐efficient ZnO/CdS/CuInGaSe2 solar cell with 81·2% fill factorProgress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 16
M. Powalla, B. Dimmler (2001)
CIGS solar cells on the way to mass production: Process statistics of a 30 cm×30 cm module lineSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 67
Eric and, J. Long (2001)
Dimensional Reduction: A Practical Formalism for Manipulating Solid StructuresChemistry of Materials, 13
D. Herrmann, F. Kessler, K. Herz, M. Powalla, A. Schulz, Joachim Schneider, U. Schumacher (2003)
High-Performance Barrier Layers for Flexible CIGS Thin-Film Solar Cells on Metal FoilsMRS Proceedings, 763
C. Chung, B. Lei, B. Bob, Sheng-Han Li, W. Hou, Hsin‐Sheng Duan, Yang Yang (2011)
Mechanism of Sulfur Incorporation into Solution Processed CuIn(Se,S)2 FilmsChemistry of Materials, 23
P. Vasekar, N. Dhere (2009)
Effect of sodium addition on Cu-deficient CuIn1−xGaxS2 thin film solar cellsSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 93
M. Yuan, D. Mitzi, Wei Liu, A. Kellock, S. Chey, V. Deline (2010)
Optimization of CIGS-Based PV Device through Antimony DopingChemistry of Materials, 22
D. Mitzi, M. Yuan, Wei Liu, A. Kellock, S. Chey, L. Gignac, A. Schrott (2009)
Hydrazine-based deposition route for device-quality CIGS filmsThin Solid Films, 517
T. Walter, R. Herberholz, C. Müller, H. Schock (1996)
Determination of defect distributions from admittance measurements and application to Cu(In,Ga)Se2 based heterojunctionsJournal of Applied Physics, 80
W. Metzger, I. Repins, M. Contreras (2008)
Long lifetimes in high-efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cellsApplied Physics Letters, 93
I. Repins, W. Metzger, C. Perkins, Jian Li, M. Contreras (2010)
Correlation Between Measured Minority-Carrier Lifetime and $\hbox{Cu}( \hbox{In}, \hbox{Ga})\hbox{Se}_{2}$ Device PerformanceIEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 57
(2001)
Hydrazine and Its Derivatives , 2 nd Ed
U. Rau, H. Schock (1999)
Electronic properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 heterojunction solar cells–recent achievements, current understanding, and future challengesApplied Physics A, 69
M. Yuan, D. Mitzi (2009)
Solvent properties of hydrazine in the preparation of metal chalcogenide bulk materials and films.Dalton transactions, 31
T. Welsh, H. Broderson (1915)
ANHYDROUS HYDRAZINE. III. ANHYDROUS HYDRAZINE AS A SOLVENT.1Journal of the American Chemical Society, 37
S. Dhingra, M. Kanatzidis (1993)
Polyselenide chemistry of indium and thallium in dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, and water. Syntheses, structures, and properties of the new complexes [In2(Se4)4(Se5)]4-, [In2Se2(Se4)2]2-, [In3Se3(Se4)3]3-, and [Tl3Se3(Se4)3]3-Inorganic Chemistry, 32
S. Ishizuka, A. Yamada, K. Matsubara, P. Fons, K. Sakurai, S. Niki (2010)
Development of high-efficiency flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells: A study of alkali doping effects on CIS, CIGS, and CGS using alkali-silicate glass thin layersCurrent Applied Physics, 10
S. Shirakata, Katsuhiko Ohkubo, Y. Ishii, T. Nakada (2009)
Effects of CdS buffer layers on photoluminescence properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cellsSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 93
Wei Liu, D. Mitzi, M. Yuan, A. Kellock, S. Chey, O. Gunawan (2010)
12% Efficiency CuIn(Se,S)2 Photovoltaic Device Prepared Using a Hydrazine Solution Process†Chemistry of Materials, 22
V. Alberts, F. Dejene (2002)
Material properties of CuIn(Se, S)2 thin films prepared by the thermal diffusion of sulfur into CuInSe2Journal of Physics D, 35
(1988)
Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Hydrazine . US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
(1997)
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) , United States Department of Health and Human Services
PVSC '00, 28 th IEEE
T. Todorov, K. Reuter, D. Mitzi (2010)
High‐Efficiency Solar Cell with Earth‐Abundant Liquid‐Processed AbsorberAdvanced Materials, 22
J. Heath, J. Cohen, W. Shafarman (2004)
Bulk and metastable defects in CuIn1−xGaxSe2 thin films using drive-level capacitance profilingJournal of Applied Physics, 95
D. Lincot, J. Guillemoles, S. Taunier, D. Guimard, J. Sicx-Kurdi, A. Chaumont, Olivier Roussel, O. Ramdani, C. Hubert, J. Fauvarque, N. Bodereau, L. Parissi, P. Panheleux, P. Fanouillère, N. Naghavi, P. Grand, M. Benfarah, P. Mogensen, O. Kerrec (2004)
Chalcopyrite thin film solar cells by electrodepositionSolar Energy, 77
(1993)
Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI: 10.1002/pip.1088 RESEARCH: SHORT COMMUNICATION: ACCELERATED PUBLICATION Solar cell efficiency tables (version 37)
(1991)
Hydrazine: Health and Safety Guide
W. Hou, B. Bob, Sheng-Han Li, Yang Yang (2009)
Low-temperature processing of a solution-deposited CuInSSe thin-film solar cellThin Solid Films, 517
D. Mitzi (2005)
Synthesis, structure, and thermal properties of soluble hydrazinium germanium(IV) and tin(IV) selenide salts.Inorganic chemistry, 44 10
The hydrazine‐based deposition of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) thin films has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its potential for the high‐throughput production of photovoltaic devices based on this absorber material. This article provides an introduction as well as presenting a complete picture of the current status of hydrazine‐based CIGS solar‐cell fabrication, including the three major steps of this deposition process: dissolution of the precursor materials in hydrazine, deposition of a film from the resulting precursor solution, and the completion and characterization of a photovoltaic device following absorber deposition. Recent discoveries are then discussed, regarding the dissolution chemistry of the relevant precursor complexes in hydrazine, which together represent the true foundation of this processing method. Recent studies on CIGS film formation are then summarized, including the control and analysis of the crystalline phase, electronic bandgap, and film morphology. Finally, the latest progress in high‐performance device fabrication is highlighted, with a focus on optoelectronic characterization including current–voltage, junction capacitance, and minority carrier lifetime measurements. Finally, a discussion and future outlook is provided.
Advanced Energy Materials – Wiley
Published: May 1, 2012
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.