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Preparation of Nanoporous Sulfides/Graphene Composites for Lithium‐ion Batteries

Preparation of Nanoporous Sulfides/Graphene Composites for Lithium‐ion Batteries June 2014 K. P. ANNAMALAI, ZHENG Xiaoshuang, GAO Jianping and TAO Yousheng, 2014. Preparation of Nanoporous Sulfides/Graphene Composites for Lithium-ion Batteries. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 88(supp. 1): 293. Preparation of Nanoporous Sulfides/Graphene Composites for Lithium-ion Batteries K. P. ANNAMALAI1, ZHENG Xiaoshuang1, GAO Jianping1 and TAO Yousheng1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian 350002, China; 2 Key Laboratory of design and assembly of functional nanostructures, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian 350002, China Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), with the use of sulfides as anode materials, are of research topic because of their high theoretical specific capacities. It is promising for rechargeable energy storage because of their high energy density and the extremely cheap materials. However, there is a problem that sulfides have low electrical conductivity and poor cycling performance. In this work, efforts were made in encapsulating sulfide particles with conducting substrate of graphenes to fabricate nanoporous sulfide/ graphene composites for LIBs. Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by oxidizing graphite powder via modified Hummers method. We fabricated nanoporous sulfide/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites by one-spot solvothermal route. Samples were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and N2 adsorption and desorption at 77K. Electrochemical characterization was carried by means of galvanostatic discharge-charge process, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. As shown in Figure 1, sulfides of several nanometers were uniformly distributed on graphene sheets. The sulfides nanoparticles also prevented the stacking of graphene sheets, which leads the high specific surface area of the composites. Electrochemical characterization showed that sulfide/graphene composites had a large reversible capacity and an excellent high rate discharge capability and long-term cycling performance as anode materials. The improvement in the electrochemical properties could be attributed to graphene nanosheets, * Corresponding author. E-mail: tao@fjirsm.ac.cn Fig. 1. TEM image of sulfide/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites. which acts as an electron conductor, a support of dispersed sulfides and a buffer layer. While the highly nanoporous structures of the composites shortened the diffusion length for lithium ions, improving their reversible storage. Key words: synthesis, nanopore, electrode, graphene, sulfur, composite, lithium, battery Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21273236, 21310302040). http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition) Wiley

Preparation of Nanoporous Sulfides/Graphene Composites for Lithium‐ion Batteries

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References (4)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2014 Geological Society of China
ISSN
1000-9515
eISSN
1755-6724
DOI
10.1111/1755-6724.12279_1
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

June 2014 K. P. ANNAMALAI, ZHENG Xiaoshuang, GAO Jianping and TAO Yousheng, 2014. Preparation of Nanoporous Sulfides/Graphene Composites for Lithium-ion Batteries. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 88(supp. 1): 293. Preparation of Nanoporous Sulfides/Graphene Composites for Lithium-ion Batteries K. P. ANNAMALAI1, ZHENG Xiaoshuang1, GAO Jianping1 and TAO Yousheng1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian 350002, China; 2 Key Laboratory of design and assembly of functional nanostructures, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian 350002, China Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), with the use of sulfides as anode materials, are of research topic because of their high theoretical specific capacities. It is promising for rechargeable energy storage because of their high energy density and the extremely cheap materials. However, there is a problem that sulfides have low electrical conductivity and poor cycling performance. In this work, efforts were made in encapsulating sulfide particles with conducting substrate of graphenes to fabricate nanoporous sulfide/ graphene composites for LIBs. Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by oxidizing graphite powder via modified Hummers method. We fabricated nanoporous sulfide/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites by one-spot solvothermal route. Samples were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and N2 adsorption and desorption at 77K. Electrochemical characterization was carried by means of galvanostatic discharge-charge process, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. As shown in Figure 1, sulfides of several nanometers were uniformly distributed on graphene sheets. The sulfides nanoparticles also prevented the stacking of graphene sheets, which leads the high specific surface area of the composites. Electrochemical characterization showed that sulfide/graphene composites had a large reversible capacity and an excellent high rate discharge capability and long-term cycling performance as anode materials. The improvement in the electrochemical properties could be attributed to graphene nanosheets, * Corresponding author. E-mail: tao@fjirsm.ac.cn Fig. 1. TEM image of sulfide/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites. which acts as an electron conductor, a support of dispersed sulfides and a buffer layer. While the highly nanoporous structures of the composites shortened the diffusion length for lithium ions, improving their reversible storage. Key words: synthesis, nanopore, electrode, graphene, sulfur, composite, lithium, battery Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21273236, 21310302040).

Journal

Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition)Wiley

Published: Jun 1, 2014

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