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Eleven million blood transfusions utilizing packed red blood cells (RBCs) are administered in the USA each year [ 1 ] to approximately 4 million recipients. The national blood supply, however, is inadequate, and it is estimated to be a quarter of a million units less than the optimum required. This shortage persists despite the fact that some states, such as New York, import blood from abroad. Elective surgeries sometimes need to be postponed, particularly during the summer months, when the supply of donated blood is reduced. Not only is human blood a scarce resource, it has become a potential risk to the recipient. Despite time‐consuming and expensive viral screening processes, donated human blood is not considered to be 100% safe. Hepatitis C and HIV, although transmitted rarely, remain potential problems [ 2 ]. More recently, because of concerns relating to the increasing incidence of new variant Creutzfeldt‐Jacob disease in Europe, eligibility for blood donation has been made more restrictive by the Food and Drug Administration. Subjects who have been resident in the UK or in Europe for certain periods of time may be prevented from donating blood in the USA. In Europe, there is concern that there will
Xenotransplantation – Wiley
Published: Sep 1, 2003
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