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R. González, J. Charlemagne, W. Mahana, S. Avrameas (1988)
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Binding Specificities of a Polyreactive and a Monoreactive Human Monoclonal IgG Rheumatoid Factor: Role of OligosaccharidesScandinavian Journal of Immunology, 44
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POLYREACTIVITY AND ANTIGEN SPECIFICITY OF HUMAN XENOREACTIVE MONOCLONAL AND SERUM NATURAL ANTIBODIESTransplantation, 52
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Evidence for polyreactive xenoreactive antibodies in the repertoire of human anti-swine antibodies: the 'next' humoral barrier to xenotransplantation?Transplant immunology, 9 1
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Natural polyreactive secretory immunoglobulin A autoantibodies as a possible barrier to infection in humansInfection and Immunity, 65
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EVIDENCE THAT POLYREACTIVE ANTIBODIES ARE DEPOSITED IN REJECTED DISCORDANT XENOGRAFTSTransplantation, 55
A wide range of studies, described briefly in this review, suggests that xenoreactive antibodies can be divided into at least two classes: anti‐carbohydrate and polyreactive. Taken together, these studies point to the conclusion that, although there are relatively few antigen binding sites for polyreactive antibodies on cultured porcine cells, there are more polyreactive, xenoreactive antibodies than anti‐Gal α 1‐3Gal antibodies in the blood of normal individuals. Thus, although the predominant xengeneic antigen is Gal α 1‐3Gal, the predominant xenoreactive antibody is likely polyreactive. Here, the data underlying this conclusion are briefly reviewed. A polyreactive antibody can be defined as an antibody able to bind a definable, restricted set of antigens, not just a single antigen [ 1–7 ]. As one example, Moller's group examined the specificity of a monoclonal antibody that bound to a number of seemingly unrelated molecules including cellulose, nucleic acids, bovine thyroglobulin, transferrin, and cytochrome c [ 8 ]. They found that the antibody bound, at least in part, to the carbohydrate on bovine thyroglobulin, but not to Gal α 1‐3Gal. Polyreactive antibodies are thought to provide the primary defense against pathogens in primitive invertebrates [ 9 ] and perhaps provide some defense in the
Xenotransplantation – Wiley
Published: Nov 1, 2003
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