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A net‐house experiment was conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to study the effect of simulated zero‐tillage on the N loss through ammonia (NH3) volatilization, and flux of inorganic N after the sowing of wheat and urea‐N application on two different dates. In addition, the effects of soil perturbation through simulated tillage vs. zero‐tillage, and of sowing time on the wheat yields (above and below‐ground) and N use were examined. Results showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher NH3 volatilization loss of N in zero‐tillage than the tillage treatments, but no significant difference between early (18 November) or later (8 December) sowing wheat on such losses. Inorganic N, mostly NH‐N, was significantly higher in undisturbed soil on day 5, whereas on day 15, NO‐N was significantly higher in disturbed soil than the undisturbed (zero‐tilled) soil. There was little difference in NH‐N or NO‐N contents in soils between two dates of sowing. Plant parameters showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences among the treatments in terms of height, spike length, or number of grains per spike, grain and straw yields and root biomass and harvest index. Moreover, there were no significant differences among the treatments when N uptakes were compared. Our results thus suggest that after flooded rice, wheat can be grown successfully on zero‐tilled soils even when adopting sowing dates till early December. More N loss through NH3 volatilization in zero‐tilled than tilled soils may not affect growth and yields of wheat, but needs to be reduced for N conservation and environmental reasons.
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science – Wiley
Published: Oct 1, 2004
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