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Marine conservation and industry ALASDAIR D. MCINTYRE* Department of Zoology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK At one time, not so very long ago, conservation and industry were totally incompatible terms. The two sides seldom interacted, and when they did, it was usually in the context of disagreement and hostility. Indeed, almost any group using the seas for commercial gain tended to ï¬nd itself in conï¬ict with conservationists who were well organized and well funded as non-governmental organizations. Among the notable actions, struggles between aggressive Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) like Greenpeace on the one hand, and various commercial interests on the other, often made headlines. Thankfully, things have changed. There are, of course, still some who retain extreme positions, but in general, the views of those who use the oceans and those who seek to conserve them have been converging. It is instructive to trace the progress of this change by looking at such major industries as shipping, oil and ï¬sheries. Shipping was one of the ï¬rst international industries to become engaged in the conï¬ict. In the decades following the ï¬rst World War, threats to the marine environment from vessels at sea were largely due to releases of oily
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems – Wiley
Published: May 1, 2003
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