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Increased Glutamate Concentration in the Auditory Cortex of Persons With Autism and First‐Degree Relatives: A 1 H‐MRS Study Mark S. Brown, Debra Singel, Susan Hepburn, and Donald C. Rojas Lay Abstract We investigated the brain chemistry of the primary region of the brain involved in auditory processing in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Because of the highly heritable nature of ASD and the lack of prior brain chemistry data on unaffected first‐degree relatives, we also enrolled parents of children with ASD (pASD), comparing both groups to a healthy adult control group. The technique used to quantify chemical signals was magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), which we used to assess the concentration of auditory glutamate, the primary excitatory brain neurotransmitter, as well as other metabolites that assess neuronal integrity and metabolism. We found significantly higher levels of auditory glutamate in persons with ASD. In addition, increases in two other metabolites, n‐acetyl‐aspartate (NAA) and creatine (Cr), were observed in the ASD group. No differences were observed in the pASD group in any MRS measurement. We interpret the glutamate finding as suggestive of an increase in brain excitability, and the NAA and Cr findings as indicative of a change in brain
Autism Research – Wiley
Published: Feb 1, 2013
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