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The reduced incidence of graft‐vs.‐host disease following umbilical cord blood (CB) transplantation may be related to the functional immaturity of newborn T cells expressing mainly the naive CD45RA phenotype. Expansion of CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells using cytokines may benefit neonates and infants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, as a preferential decline in CD4+ CD45RA+ cells has been noted as HIV disease progresses. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)‐15, a novel cytokine similar to IL‐2 in biological activities, on CD45RA/RO expression and apoptosis in umbilical cord blood (CB) and adult peripheral blood (APB) mononuclear cells (MNCs). Prior to culture, CB MNCs contained a greater number of CD4+ CD45RA+ cells and fewer CD4+ CD45RO+ cells than did APB MNCs. When incubated with RPMI‐1640 containing 10% fetal calf serum for 7 days, the percentage of CD45RA+ cells within CD4+ T cells (%CD45RA+/CD4+) significantly decreased compared to that of fresh CB MNCs. IL‐15 exerted a dose‐dependent increase of %CD45RA+/CD4+ and a corresponding decrease of %CD45RO+/CD4+ in CB MNCs, an effect not observed with APB MNCs treated with IL‐15. The percentages of CD45RA+ and CD45RO+ expression within CD8+ cells, however, were not influenced by IL‐15, in either CB or APB MNCs. A greater number of CB MNCs underwent apoptosis than did APB MNCs after 7 days of culture in RPMI‐1640 containing 10% fetal calf serum. IL‐15 did not inhibit apoptosis but induced proliferation comparable to that achieved in APB MNCs. The ability of IL‐15 to preferentially enhance the proliferation of CD4+ CD45RA+ cells in CB MNCs suggests a role for immunomodulative therapy in HIV‐infected newborns and infants.
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology – Wiley
Published: Aug 1, 2001
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