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BY NANCY E. SIMPSON From the Departments of Paediatrics and Biology, Queenâs University, Kingston, Ontario INTRODUCTION Many traits and diseases without obvious single-gene inheritance are thought to have some genetic basis since they occur concordantly in monozygotic twins more frequently than in dizygotic twins and they occur more frequently in families than in the general population. The alternative to a single gene hypothesis is multifactorial inheritance in which a number of genes have additive effects with or without environmental influences. I n addition, non-additive genetic effects may occur from dominance and interaction of genes at other loci to produce the phenotype. It is possible to estimate the contribution of the additive genetic variance to the total phenotypic variance for quantitative or continuous traits based on methods developed by Fisher (1918). Fisher showed that the theoretical correlation or regression coefficient between relatives is the same as the proportion of genes which they have in common. For example, parents and children have half their genes in common and, if the regression of the trait in parents on that in their children is 50 %, the characteristic could be inherited by additive genes; if the regression i s not 50 yo
Annals of Human Genetics – Wiley
Published: Jan 1, 1969
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