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AbbreviationsCOVID‐19coronavirus disease 2019SARS‐CoV‐2severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2SOTRssolid organ transplant recipientsINTRODUCTIONSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) disproportionately affects patients who are immunocompromised and leads to worse outcomes in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) than the general population, as seen in several studies.1–4 Vaccination is a key strategy to prevent SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and progression to severe disease. Early vaccine trials have shown high efficacy against COVID‐19 in the general population, reported as 95% for BNT162b2 and 94.1% for mRNA‐1273; however, patients on immunosuppressive therapy were excluded from these studies.5,6 Meanwhile, the Ad26.COV2.S recombinant adenovirus vaccine had 66.1% efficacy in preventing moderate to severe–critical COVID‐19 in the general population excluding those with immunosuppressing conditions.7Due to impaired immunity in SOTRs, there is reasonable concern that available SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines are less effective in this population. Brosh‐Nissimov et al. found that 40% of fully vaccinated patients in Israel with breakthrough infections requiring hospitalization were immunocompromised.8 In conjunction with decreased vaccine effectiveness, significantly reduced humoral immune response as evidenced by lower levels of anti‐spike IgG antibodies has been documented in fully vaccinated liver, kidney, heart, and lung transplant recipients following mRNA vaccination compared to nonimmunocompromised vaccine recipients.9–12Due to concerns about suboptimal protection with a two‐dose
Transplant Infectious Disease – Wiley
Published: Aug 1, 2022
Keywords: breakthrough infections; COVID‐19; organ transplant; vaccine
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