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Directional Freezing Assisted 3D Printing to Solve a Flexible Battery Dilemma: Ultrahigh Energy/Power Density and Uncompromised Mechanical Compliance

Directional Freezing Assisted 3D Printing to Solve a Flexible Battery Dilemma: Ultrahigh... Flexible lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have been in the spotlight with the booming development of flexible/wearable electronics. However, the dilemma of simultaneously balancing excellent energy density with mechanical compliance in flexible electrodes impedes their practical applications. Here, for the first time, a directional freezing assisted 3D printing strategy is proposed to construct flexible, compressible, and ultrahigh energy/power density LIBs. Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are entangled with each other to form an interwoven network and uniformly wrap the active materials, ensuring fast electron transfer and stress release through the entire printed electrode. Furthermore, vertical channels induced by directional freezing can act as high‐speed ion diffusion paths, which effectively solve the sluggish ion transport limitation of flexible 3D printed electrodes as the mass loading increases. As expected, the 3D printed LIB delivers a record‐high energy density (15.2 mWh cm–2) and power density (75.9 mW cm–2), outperforming all previously reported flexible LIBs. Meanwhile, the printed flexible full LIBs maintains favorable electrochemical stability in both bending and compression states. This work suggests a feasible avenue for the design of LIBs that resolves the long‐standing issue of high electrochemical performance and mechanical deformation in wearable and smart electronics. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Advanced Energy Materials Wiley

Directional Freezing Assisted 3D Printing to Solve a Flexible Battery Dilemma: Ultrahigh Energy/Power Density and Uncompromised Mechanical Compliance

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References (50)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2022 Wiley‐VCH GmbH
ISSN
1614-6832
eISSN
1614-6840
DOI
10.1002/aenm.202200233
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Flexible lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have been in the spotlight with the booming development of flexible/wearable electronics. However, the dilemma of simultaneously balancing excellent energy density with mechanical compliance in flexible electrodes impedes their practical applications. Here, for the first time, a directional freezing assisted 3D printing strategy is proposed to construct flexible, compressible, and ultrahigh energy/power density LIBs. Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are entangled with each other to form an interwoven network and uniformly wrap the active materials, ensuring fast electron transfer and stress release through the entire printed electrode. Furthermore, vertical channels induced by directional freezing can act as high‐speed ion diffusion paths, which effectively solve the sluggish ion transport limitation of flexible 3D printed electrodes as the mass loading increases. As expected, the 3D printed LIB delivers a record‐high energy density (15.2 mWh cm–2) and power density (75.9 mW cm–2), outperforming all previously reported flexible LIBs. Meanwhile, the printed flexible full LIBs maintains favorable electrochemical stability in both bending and compression states. This work suggests a feasible avenue for the design of LIBs that resolves the long‐standing issue of high electrochemical performance and mechanical deformation in wearable and smart electronics.

Journal

Advanced Energy MaterialsWiley

Published: Apr 1, 2022

Keywords: 3D printing; directional freezing; flexible; high energy/power density; lithium‐ion batteries

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