Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
S. Ghanem, C. Voigt (2012)
Increasing Awareness of Ecosystem Services Provided by BatsAdvances in The Study of Behavior, 44
S. Wright, K. Stoner, Noelle Beckman, R. Corlett, R. Dirzo, H. Muller‐Landau, Gabriela Nuñez-Iturri, C. Peres, Benjamin Wang (2007)
The Plight of Large Animals in Tropical Forests and the Consequences for Plant RegenerationBiotropica, 39
W. Laurance, M. Cochrane, S. Bergen, P. Fearnside, P. Delamônica, C. Barber, S. D'angelo, T. Fernandes (2001)
The Future of the Brazilian AmazonScience, 291
(2000)
Hunting of wildlife
S. Ghanem, H. Ruppert, T. Kunz, C. Voigt (2013)
Frugivorous bats drink nutrient- and clay-enriched water in the Amazon rain forest: support for a dual function of mineral-lick visitsJournal of Tropical Ecology, 29
Matt Finer, Varsha Vijay, Fernando Ponce, Clinton Jenkins, T. Kahn (2009)
Ecuador’s Yasuní Biosphere Reserve: a brief modern history and conservation challengesEnvironmental Research Letters, 4
E. Bennett (2000)
Hunting of Wildlife in Tropical Forests : Implications for Biodiversity and Forest Peoples
M. Finer, C.N. Jenkins, S.L. Pimm, B. Keane, C. Ross (2008)
Oil and gas projects in the Western Amazon: threats to wilderness, biodiversity, and indigenous peoplesEnviron. Res. Lett., 3
M. Finer, V. Vijay, F. Ponce, C.N. Jenkins, T.R. Kahn (2009)
Ecuador's Yasuní Biosphere Reserve: a brief modern history and conservation challengesConserv. Biol., 4
J. Saldarriaga, D. West, M. Tharp, C. Uhl (1988)
LONG-TERM CHRONOSEQUENCE OF FOREST SUCCESSION IN THE UPPER RIO NEGRO OF COLOMBIA AND VENEZUELAJournal of Ecology, 76
Adriana Bravo, K. Harms, L. Emmons (2012)
Keystone resource (Ficus) chemistry explains lick visitation by frugivorous bats, 93
(2011)
Mineral licks as diversity
K. Stoner, K. Vulinec, S. Wright, C. Peres (2007)
Hunting and Plant Community Dynamics in Tropical Forests: A Synthesis and Future DirectionsBiotropica, 39
J. Blake, Diego Mosquera, J. Guerra, Bette Loiselle, David Romo, K. Swing (2011)
Mineral Licks as Diversity Hotspots in Lowland Forest of Eastern EcuadorDiversity, 3
R.E. Bodmer (1995)
Managing Amazonian wildlife: biological correlates of game choice by detribalized huntersJ. Trop. Ecol., 5
LSU Digital Commons LSU Digital Commons Collpas: Activity hotspots for frugivorous bats (Phyllostomidae) in Collpas: Activity hotspots for frugivorous bats (Phyllostomidae) in the Peruvian Amazon the Peruvian Amazon
Adriana Bravo, K. Harms, L. Emmons (2010)
Puddles created by geophagous mammals are potential mineral sources for frugivorous bats (Stenodermatinae) in the Peruvian AmazonJournal of Tropical Ecology, 26
K. Holbrook, Bette Loiselle (2009)
Dispersal in a Neotropical tree, Virola flexuosa (Myristicaceae): does hunting of large vertebrates limit seed removal?Ecology, 90 6
(1986)
Nutritional ecology of the California
S. Wright, Andrés Hernández, R. Condit (2007)
The Bushmeat Harvest Alters Seedling Banks by Favoring Lianas, Large Seeds, and Seeds Dispersed by Bats, Birds, and WindBiotropica, 39
E. Andresen, S. Laurance (2007)
Possible Indirect Effects of Mammal Hunting on Dung Beetle Assemblages in PanamaBiotropica, 39
(2000)
The sustainability of current hunting practices by the Huaorani. In Hunting for sustainability in tropical forests: 57–78
R. Bodmer (1995)
Managing Amazonian Wildlife: Biological Correlates of Game Choice by Detribalized HuntersEcological Applications, 5
S. Wright, H. Zeballos, Iván Domínguez, Marina Gallardo, M. Moreno, R. Ibáñez (2000)
Poachers Alter Mammal Abundance, Seed Dispersal, and Seed Predation in a Neotropical ForestConservation Biology, 14
(1974)
Unusual drinking behavior of some stenodermine bats
(2000)
The sustainability of current hunting practices by the Huaorani
J. Karubian, J. Fabara, David Yunes, Jeffrey Jorgenson, David Romo, T. Smith (2005)
TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL PATTERNS OF MACAW ABUNDANCE IN THE ECUADORIAN AMAZON, 107
(2007)
The bush meat harvest alters seedling banks by favoring lianas, large seeds and seeds dispersed by bats, birds and birds
Matt Finer, Clinton Jenkins, S. Pimm, B. Keane, C. Ross (2008)
Oil and Gas Projects in the Western Amazon: Threats to Wilderness, Biodiversity, and Indigenous PeoplesPLoS ONE, 3
(2010)
Global conservation signifi
A. Bravo, K.E. Harms, R.D. Stevens, L.H. Emmons (2008)
Collpas: activity hotspots for frugivorous bats (Phyllostomidae) in the Peruvian AmazonBiotropica, 40
C. Voigt, K. Capps, D. Dechmann, R. Michener, T. Kunz (2008)
Nutrition or Detoxification: Why Bats Visit Mineral Licks of the Amazonian RainforestPLoS ONE, 3
Mickaël Henry, Sylvie Jouard (2007)
Effect of Bat Exclusion on Patterns of Seed Rain in Tropical Rain Forest in French GuianaBiotropica, 39
E. Suárez, M. Morales, R. Cueva, V. Utreras Bucheli, G. Zapata‐Ríos, E. Toral, J. Torres, W. Prado, J. Vargas Olalla (2009)
Oil industry, wild meat trade and roads: indirect effects of oil extraction activities in a protected area in north‐eastern EcuadorRes. Lett. Ecol., 12
Esteban Suárez, M. Morales, R. Cueva, V. Bucheli, G. Zapata-Ríos, E. Toral, J. Torres, W. Prado, J. Olalla (2009)
Oil industry, wild meat trade and roads: indirect effects of oil extraction activities in a protected area in north‐eastern EcuadorAnimal Conservation, 12
T. Fleming (1992)
Demography and Natural History of the Common Fruit Bat, Artibeus jamaicensis, on Barro Colorado Island, Panama by C. O. Handley,; D. E. Wilson; A. L. GardnerJournal of Mammalogy, 73
M. Franzen (2006)
Evaluating the sustainability of hunting: a comparison of harvest profiles across three Huaorani communitiesEnvironmental Conservation, 33
Margot Bass, Matt Finer, Clinton Jenkins, H. Kreft, D. Cisneros-Heredia, Shawn McCracken, N. Pitman, Peter English, K. Swing, Gorky Villa, A. Fiore, C. Voigt, T. Kunz (2010)
Global Conservation Significance of Ecuador's Yasuní National ParkPLoS ONE, 5
W. Freeland, P. Calcott, D. Geiss (1985)
Allelochemicals, minerals and herbivore population sizeBiochemical Systematics and Ecology, 13
V.P. Mena, J.R. Stallings, J.B. Regalado, R.L. Cueva (2000)
Hunting for sustainability in tropical forestsEcology
D. Brightsmith, Romina Muñoz-Najar (2004)
Avian Geophagy and Soil Characteristics in Southeastern Peru, 36
(2009)
Methods for assessing postnatal growth and development of bats
P. Abrahams, J. Parsons (1996)
Geophagy in the Tropics: a literature reviewThe Geographical Journal, 162
R. Holdo, J. Dudley, L. Mcdowell (2002)
GEOPHAGY IN THE AFRICAN ELEPHANT IN RELATION TO AVAILABILITY OF DIETARY SODIUM, 83
(2007)
Guía de campo de los mamíferos del Ecuador
N. Pitman, J. Terborgh, M. Silman, V. Núñez, D. Neill, C. Cerón, W. Palacios, Milton Aulestia (2001)
DOMINANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF TREE SPECIES IN UPPER AMAZONIAN TERRA FIRME FORESTSEcology, 82
E. Stokstad (2014)
The empty forest.Science, 345 6195
G. Batzli (1986)
Nutritional ecology of the California vole: effects of food quality on reproductionEcology, 67
S.J. Ghanem, H. Ruppert, T.H. Kunz, C.C. Voigt (2013)
Frugivorous bats drink nutrient‐ and clay‐enriched water in the Amazon rain forest: support for a dual function of mineral lick visitsAdv. Stud. Behav., 29
J. Diamond (1999)
Evolutionary biology: Dirty eating for healthy livingNature, 400
C. Handley, D. Wilson, A. Gardner (1991)
Demography and natural history of the common fruit bat, Artibeus jamaicensis, on Barro Colorado Island, Panamá
P.M. Forget, P.A. Jansen (2007)
Hunting increases dispersal limitation in the tree Carapa procera, a nontimber forest productEnviron. Conserv., 21
C. Peres, Erwin Palacios (2007)
Basin‐Wide Effects of Game Harvest on Vertebrate Population Densities in Amazonian Forests: Implications for Animal‐Mediated Seed DispersalBiotropica, 39
T.H. Kunz, R.A. Adams, W.R. Hood (2009)
Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of batsConserv. Biol.
J. Terborgh, Gabriela Nuñez, Iturri, Nigel, A. C., Pitman, Fernando, H., Cornejo Valverde, Patrícia Alvarez, Varun Swamy, Elizabeth, G., Pringle, E. C., Timothy Paine (2008)
Tree recruitment in an empty forest.Ecology, 89 6
G. Klaus, B. Schmidg (1998)
GEOPHAGY AT NATURAL LICKS AND MAMMAL ECOLOGY: A REVIEW, 62
R. Dudley, M. Kaspari, S. Yanoviak (2012)
Lust for Salt in the Western AmazonBiotropica, 44
M. Franzen (2006)
Evaluating the sustainability of hunting: a comparison of harvest profiles across three Huaorani communitiesBiochem. Syst. Ecol., 33
Igarapé Açú, Igarapé, Curimatá, Igarapé Jaraquí (2000)
Effects of Subsistence Hunting on Vertebrate Community Structure in Amazonian Forests
D. Gorchov, F. Cornejo, C. Ascorra, M. Jaramillo (1993)
The role of seed dispersal in the natural regeneration of rain forest after strip-cutting in the Peruvian AmazonVegetatio, 107
W.J. Freeland, P.H. Calcott, D.P. Geiss (1985)
Allelochemicals, minerals and herbivore population sizeJ. Trop. Ecol., 13
K. Redford (1992)
The Empty Forest Many large animals are already ecologically extinct in vast areas of neotropical forest where the vegetation still appears intactBioScience, 42
S. Wright (2003)
The myriad consequences of hunting for vertebrates and plants in tropical forestsPerspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, 6
Defaunation negatively influences frugivorous bats
A. Bravo, K.E. Harms, L.H. Emmons (2010)
Puddles created by geophagous mammals are potential mineral sources for frugivorous bats (Stenodermatinae) in the Peruvian AmazonJ. Mammal., 26
J. Yost, P. Kelley (1983)
Shotguns, Blowguns, and Spears: The Analysis of Technological Efficiency
(1995)
Managing Amazonian wildlife: bio
C. Voigt, D. Dechmann, J. Bender, Benjamin Rinehart, R. Michener, T. Kunz (2007)
Mineral Licks Attract Neotropical Seed-Dispersing BatsInternational Journal of Ecology, 2007
R. Timm, R. Laval (1998)
A field key to the bats of Costa Rica
Sergio Solari (2007)
Reseña de "Guía de campo de los mamíferos del Ecuador" de Tirira, Diego.Mastozoología neotropical, 14
P. Muchaal, G. Ngandjui (1999)
Impact of Village Hunting on Wildlife Populations in the Western Dja Reserve, CameroonConservation Biology, 13
P. Forget, P. Jansen (2007)
Hunting Increases Dispersal Limitation in the Tree Carapa procera, a Nontimber Forest ProductConservation Biology, 21
Hunting reduces the overall abundance of larger mammals in many tropical forests with often direct negative consequences such as reduced seed dispersal. In Western Amazonia, legal and illegal hunting practices have a substantial negative impact on populations of larger mammals. Yet, large mammals are important for maintaining so‐called mineral licks; nutrient‐rich muddy depressions that are also used by smaller mammals such as bats for geophagy. Mineral licks seem to play a particularly important role during the reproduction of frugivorous bats because pregnant and lactating bats supplement their nutrient‐poor diet with muddy water from mineral licks. In our study, we asked first if mineral licks deteriorate when not maintained by large mammals. Second, we tested if mineral lick deterioration reduces the visitation rate of frugivorous bats. For mineral licks in areas with intensive hunting, we expected to find signs of deterioration such as increased plant coverage. In addition, we expected to capture fewer bats at deteriorated licks than at natural licks. Indeed, mineral licks in forests with intensive hunting were covered by more seedlings and leaf litter than licks in pristine forests. Also, we encountered fewer bats at deteriorated mineral licks than at natural licks. We conclude that defaunation of Amazon forests affects not only large mammals directly but most likely also fruit‐eating bats because reproducing female bats may be limited in their ability to access nutrient‐rich soils of mineral licks. Thus, hunting puts the ecosystem services of seed‐dispersing mammals at risk in two ways, by eliminating large mammals and by reducing habitat quality for fruit‐eating bats.
Animal Conservation – Wiley
Published: Jan 1, 2014
Keywords: ; ; ; ; ;
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.