Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
W. Lim, F. Dentali, J. Eikelboom, M. Crowther (2006)
Meta-Analysis: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Bleeding in Patients with Severe Renal InsufficiencyAnnals of Internal Medicine, 144
M. Moscucci, K. Fox, C. Cannon, W. Klein, J. López-Sendón, G. Montalescot, K. White, R. Goldberg (2003)
Predictors of major bleeding in acute coronary syndromes: the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE)European Heart Journal, 24
A. Kastrati, J. Mehilli, F. Neumann, F. Dotzer, J. Berg, H. Bollwein, Isolde Graf, Maryam Ibrahim, J. Pache, M. Seyfarth, H. Schühlen, J. Dirschinger, P. Berger, A. Schömig (2006)
Abciximab in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention after clopidogrel pretreatment: the ISAR-REACT 2 randomized trial.JAMA, 295 13
G. Stone, B. McLaurin, David Cox, Michel Bertrand, A. Lincoff, Jeffrey Moses, Harvey White, S. Pocock, James Ware, F. Feit, P. Aylward, Angel Cequier, W. Desmet, R. Ebrahimi, M. Hamon, L. Rasmussen, H. Rupprecht, J. Hoekstra, R. Mehran, E. Ohman (2006)
Bivalirudin for patients with acute coronary syndromes.The New England journal of medicine, 355 21
J. Ioannidis, E. Karvouni, D. Katritsis (2003)
Mortality risk conferred by small elevations of creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme after percutaneous coronary intervention.Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 42 8
M. Dalby, G. Montalescot, C. Sollier, E. Vicaut, T. Soulat, J. Collet, R. Choussat, Vanessa Gallois, G. Drobinski, L. Drouet, Daniel Thomas (2004)
Eptifibatide provides additional platelet inhibition in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients already treated with aspirin and clopidogrel. Results of the platelet activity extinction in non-Q-wave myocardial infarction with aspirin, clopidogrel, and eptifibatide (PEACE) study.Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 43 2
A. Lincoff, N. Kleiman, D. Kereiakes, F. Feit, J. Bittl, J. Jackman, I. Sarembock, D. Cohen, D. Spriggs, R. Ebrahimi, G. Keren, J. Carr, E. Cohen, A. Betriu, W. Desmet, W. Rutsch, R. Wilcox, P. Feyter, A. Vahanian, E. Topol (2004)
Long-term efficacy of bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade vs heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary revascularization: REPLACE-2 randomized trial.JAMA, 292 6
R. Giugliano, L. Newby, R. Harrington, C. Gibson, F. Werf, P. Armstrong, G. Montalescot, J. Gilbert, J. Strony, R. Califf, E. Braunwald (2005)
The early glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (EARLY ACS) trial: a randomized placebo-controlled trial evaluating the clinical benefits of early front-loaded eptifibatide in the treatment of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndroAmerican heart journal, 149 6
A. Lincoff, J. Bittl, R. Harrington, F. Feit, N. Kleiman, J. Jackman, I. Sarembock, D. Cohen, D. Spriggs, R. Ebrahimi, G. Keren, J. Carr, E. Cohen, A. Betriu, W. Desmet, D. Kereiakes, W. Rutsch, R. Wilcox, P. Feyter, A. Vahanian, E. Topol (2003)
Bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade compared with heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary intervention: REPLACE-2 randomized trial.JAMA, 289 7
Epic Investigators (1994)
Use of a monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor in high-risk coronary angioplasty.The New England journal of medicine, 330 14
A. Kastrati, J. Mehilli, H. Schühlen, J. Dirschinger, F. Dotzer, J. Berg, F. Neumann, H. Bollwein, Christian Volmer, M. Gawaz, P. Berger, A. Schömig (2004)
A clinical trial of abciximab in elective percutaneous coronary intervention after pretreatment with clopidogrel.The New England journal of medicine, 350 3
J. Hoekstra, C. Pollack, M. Roe, E. Peterson, R. Brindis, R. Harrington, R. Christenson, Sidney Smith, E. Ohman, W. Gibler (2002)
Improving the care of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes in the emergency department: the CRUSADE initiative.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 9 11
J. Mehilli, A. Kastrati, H. Schühlen, A. Dibra, F. Dotzer, N. Beckerath, H. Bollwein, J. Pache, J. Dirschinger, Peter Berger, A. Schömig (2004)
Randomized Clinical Trial of Abciximab in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Interventions After Treatment With a High Loading Dose of ClopidogrelCirculation, 110
Anderson Anderson, Adams Adams, Antman Antman (2007)
ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non–ST‐elevation myocardial infarction: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to revise the 2002 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non–ST‐elevation myocardial infarction): Developed in collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic SurgeonsJ Am Coll Cardiol, 116
E. Antman, M. Cohen, P. Bernink, C. Mccabe, T. Horácek, G. Papuchis, B. Mautner, R. Corbalán, D. Radley, E. Braunwald (2000)
The TIMI risk score for unstable angina/non-ST elevation MI: A method for prognostication and therapeutic decision making.JAMA, 284 7
D. Gretler, R. Guerciolini, Paul Williams (2004)
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of eptifibatide in subjects with normal or impaired renal function.Clinical therapeutics, 26 3
Stone Stone, Ware Ware, Bertnand Bertnand (2007)
ACUITY Investigators. Antithrombotic Strategies in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Early Invasive Management: one‐Year Results from the ACUITY TrialJAMA, 298
Lancet, 356
E. Boersma, R. Harrington, D. Moliterno, H. White, P. Théroux, F. Werf, A. Torbal, P. Armstrong, L. Wallentin, R. Wilcox, J. Simes, R. Califf, E. Topol, M. Simoons (2002)
Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of all major randomised clinical trialsThe Lancet, 359
P. Gurbel, K. Bliden, K. Hayes, Jason Yoho, W. Herzog, U. Tantry (2005)
The relation of dosing to clopidogrel responsiveness and the incidence of high post-treatment platelet aggregation in patients undergoing coronary stenting.Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 45 9
N Engl J Med, 339
K. Alexander, A. Chen, L. Newby, J. Schwartz, R. Redberg, J. Hochman, M. Roe, W. Gibler, E. Ohman, E. Peterson (2006)
Sex Differences in Major Bleeding With Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors: Results From the CRUSADE (Can Rapid Risk Stratification of Unstable Angina Patients Suppress Adverse Outcomes With Early Implementation of the ACC/AHA Guidelines) InitiativeCirculation, 114
Epilog Investigators (1997)
Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade and low-dose heparin during percutaneous coronary revascularization.The New England journal of medicine, 336 24
Derek Chew, A. Lincoff, H. Gurm, K. Wolski, D. Cohen, T. Henry, F. Feit, E. Topol (2005)
Bivalirudin versus heparin and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition among patients with renal impairment undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (a subanalysis of the REPLACE-2 trial).The American journal of cardiology, 95 5
R. Mehta, M. Roe, Jyotsna Mulgund, E. Ohman, C. Cannon, W. Gibler, C. Pollack, Sidney Smith, T. Ferguson, E. Peterson (2006)
Acute clopidogrel use and outcomes in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 48 2
R. Mehta, A. Chen, C. Pollack, M. Roe, R. Zalenski, E. Clements, W. Gibler, E. Ohman, R. Harrington, E. Peterson (2006)
Challenges in predicting the need for coronary artery bypass grafting at presentation in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes.The American journal of cardiology, 98 5
E. Topol, Jay Yadav (2000)
Recognition of the importance of embolization in atherosclerotic vascular disease.Circulation, 101 5
Levey Levey, Bosch Bosch, Lewis Lewis (1999)
A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: A new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study GroupAnn Intern Med, 130
S. Koo, N. Kucher, P. Nguyen, J. Fanikos, P. Marks, S. Goldhaber (2004)
The effect of excessive anticoagulation on mortality and morbidity in hospitalized patients with anticoagulant-related major hemorrhage.Archives of internal medicine, 164 14
L. Drouet (2002)
Atherothrombosis as a Systemic DiseaseCerebrovascular Diseases, 13
T. Investigators (1998)
Randomised placebo-controlled and balloon-angioplasty-controlled trial to assess safety of coronary stenting with use of platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa blockade.Lancet, 352 9122
A. Abdelmeguid, E. Topol, P. Whitlow, S. Sapp, Stephen Ellis (1996)
Significance of mild transient release of creatine kinase-MB fraction after percutaneous coronary interventions.Circulation, 94 7
R. Mehta, M. Roe, A. Chen, B. Lytle, C. Pollack, R. Brindis, Sidney Smith, R. Harrington, D. Fintel, Elizabeth Fraulo, R. Califf, W. Gibler, E. Ohman, E. Peterson (2006)
Recent trends in the care of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: insights from the CRUSADE initiative.Archives of internal medicine, 166 18
Mitchell Ross, H. Herrmann, D. Moliterno, J. Blankenship, L. Demopoulos, Peter Dibattiste, S. Ellis, Z. Ghazzal, Jack Martin, Jennifer White, E. Topol (2003)
Angiographic variables predict increased risk for adverse ischemic events after coronary stenting with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition: results from the TARGET trial.Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 42 6
R. Hongo, J. Ley, S. Dick, R. Yee (2002)
The effect of clopidogrel incombination with aspirin whengiven before coronary artery bypass graftingJournal of the American College of Cardiology, 40
A. Levey, J. Bosch, J. Lewis, T. Greene, N. Rogers, David Roth (1999)
A More Accurate Method To Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate from Serum Creatinine: A New Prediction EquationAnnals of Internal Medicine, 130
Hoekstra Hoekstra, Roe Roe, Peterson Peterson (2005)
Early glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use for non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: Patient selection and associated treatment patternsAcad Emerg Med, 12
S. Yende, R. Wunderink (2001)
Effect of clopidogrel on bleeding after coronary artery bypass surgeryCritical Care Medicine, 29
N Engl J Med, 330
S. Brener, Stephen Ellis, J. Schneider, E. Topol (2002)
Frequency and long-term impact of myonecrosis after coronary stenting.European heart journal, 23 11
K. Alexander, A. Chen, M. Roe, L. Newby, C. Gibson, Nancy Allen-LaPointe, C. Pollack, W. Gibler, E. Ohman, E. Peterson (2005)
Excess dosing of antiplatelet and antithrombin agents in the treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes.JAMA, 294 24
D. Kong, R. Califf, David Miller, D. Moliterno, H. White, R. Harrington, J. Tcheng, A. Lincoff, V. Hasselblad, E. Topol (1998)
Clinical outcomes of therapeutic agents that block the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin in ischemic heart disease.Circulation, 98 25
W. Jordan, D. Voellinger, D. Doblar, N. Plyushcheva, W. Fisher, H. Mcdowell (1999)
Microemboli detected by transcranial Doppler monitoring in patients during carotid angioplasty versus carotid endarterectomy.Cardiovascular surgery, 7 1
Appropriate pharmacologic treatment for patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remains a matter of controversy. Additionally, a substantial gap exists between recommended guidelines and current clinical practice. Questions remain regarding which antiplatelet/antithrombotic treatment strategies are appropriate for individual patients, based on their risk. We explore the role of glycoprotein IIb‐IIIa inhibitors and the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin in ACS patients, and consider the difficulties involved in reducing ischemic events while limiting bleeding risks. In patients with ACS who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, high levels of microembolization and myocardial necrosis are potential risk factors for adverse long‐term outcomes. Intensive antiplatelet/antithrombotic regimens may substantially affect these factors. Determination of risk levels, with the goal of targeting aggressive antithrombotic and interventional therapies to patients at higher risk, will help physicians choose appropriate pharmacologic therapy for patients with ACS.
Journal of Interventional Cardiology – Wiley
Published: Apr 1, 2008
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.