Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
T. Götz, V. Janik (2010)
Aversiveness of sounds in phocid seals: psycho-physiological factors, learning processes and motivationJournal of Experimental Biology, 213
J. Garcia, D. Kimeldorf, R. Koelling (1955)
Conditioned aversion to saccharin resulting from exposure to gamma radiation.Science, 122 3160
D. Blanchard (1997)
Stimulus, environmental, and pharmacological control of defensive behaviors.
Zachary Schakner, D. Blumstein (2013)
Behavioral biology of marine mammal deterrents: A review and prospectusBiological Conservation, 167
R. Woodroffe, S. Thirgood, A. Rabinowitz (2005)
People and Wildlife, Conflict or Co-existence?
R. Cosgrove, D. Browne, D. Rihan, S. Bim (2011)
Assessment of Acoustic Deterrent Devices ‘ Pingers ’ and porpoise by catch rates in Irish Gillnet Fisheries in the Celtic Sea
(2012)
Shock collars as a Animal Conservation
D. Hamer, S. Childerhouse, N. Gales (2012)
Odontocete bycatch and depredation in longline fisheries: A review of available literature and of potential solutionsMarine Mammal Science, 28
R. Mazur (2010)
Does Aversive Conditioning Reduce Human–Black Bear Conflict?, 74
M. Fanselow, L. Lester (1988)
A functional behavioristic approach to aversively motivated behavior: Predatory imminence as a determinant of the topography of defensive behavior.
K. Hollis, Victoria Pharr, M. Dumas, G. Britton, J. Field (1997)
Classical conditioning provides paternity advantage for territorial male blue gouramis (Trichogaster trichopterus).Journal of Comparative Psychology, 111
(2013)
Far-reaching effects of a 6
(2012)
The Zoological Society of London site-aversive conditioning tool for wolves
Zachary Schakner, Matthew Petelle, O. Berger‐Tal, M. Owen, D. Blumstein (2014)
Developing effective tools for conservation behaviorists: reply to Greggor et al.Trends in ecology & evolution, 29 12
R. Fletcher (2008)
Exploding Populations of California Sea Lions: A Crisis with No Political Solution on the Horizon, 23
P. Nachtigall, A. Supin (2014)
Conditioned hearing sensitivity reduction in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)Journal of Experimental Biology, 217
Amanda Keledjian (2013)
The Impacts of El Niño Conditions on California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus) Fisheries Interactions: Predicting Spatial and Temporal Hotspots Along the California CoastAquatic Mammals, 39
Keith Forrest, J. Cave, C. Michielsens, M. Haulena, David Smith (2009)
Evaluation of an Electric Gradient to Deter Seal Predation on Salmon Caught in Gill-Net Test FisheriesNorth American Journal of Fisheries Management, 29
R. Bolles, A. Collier (1976)
The effect of predictive cues on freezing in ratsAnimal Learning & Behavior, 4
Shawn Rossler, T. Gehring, Ronald Schultz, Michael Rossler, Adrian Wydeven, Jason Hawley (2012)
Shock collars as a site‐aversive conditioning tool for wolvesWildlife Society Bulletin, 36
M. Fanselow, R. Ponnusamy (2008)
Chapter 2.2 The use of conditioning tasks to model fear and anxietyHandbook of Behavioral Neuroscience, 17
S. Baruch‐Mordo, C. Webb, S. Breck, K. Wilson (2013)
Use of patch selection models as a decision support tool to evaluate mitigation strategies of human–wildlife conflictBiological Conservation, 160
T. Götz, V. Janik (2011)
Repeated elicitation of the acoustic startle reflex leads to sensitisation in subsequent avoidance behaviour and induces fear conditioningBMC Neuroscience, 12
D. Bates, M. Maechler, B. Bolker, S. Walker (2015)
Linear Mixed-Effects Models using 'Eigen' and S4
D. Ramp, Clio Foale, E. Roger, D. Croft (2011)
Suitability of acoustics as non-lethal deterrents for macropodids: the influence of origin, delivery and anti-predator behaviourWildlife Research, 38
Erika Zollett, A. Read (2006)
Depredation of catch by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Florida king mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla) troll fishery
Aaron Christ (2009)
Mixed Effects Models and Extensions in Ecology with RJournal of Statistical Software, 32
Alison Greggor, N. Clayton, B. Phalan, Alex Thornton (2014)
Comparative cognition for conservationistsTrends in Ecology & Evolution, 29
(2011)
lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4. [R package version 1.1-7
T. Götz, V. Janik (2015)
Target‐specific acoustic predator deterrence in the marine environmentAnimal Conservation, 18
Jessica Powell, R. Wells (2011)
Recreational fishing depredation and associated behaviors involving common bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) in Sarasota Bay, FloridaMarine Mammal Science, 27
Thomas Götz, V. Janik (2016)
Non‐lethal management of carnivore predation: long‐term tests with a startle reflex‐based deterrence system on a fish farmAnimal Conservation, 19
R. Blanchard, D. Blanchard (1969)
Passive and active reactions to fear-eliciting stimuli.Journal of comparative and physiological psychology, 68 1
J. Finneran, Randall Dear, D. Carder, S. Ridgway (2003)
Auditory and behavioral responses of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) to single underwater impulses from an arc-gap transducer.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 114 3
Mark, S., Lowry, O. Maravilla, Chavez (2005)
RECENT ABUNDANCE OF CALIFORNIA SEA LIONS IN WESTERN BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO AND THE UNITED STATES
M. Fanselow (1980)
Conditional and unconditional components of post-shock freezingThe Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science : Official Journal of the Pavlovian, 15
A. Read (2008)
The looming crisis: interactions between marine mammals and fisheries, 89
(2002)
Potential impacts of acoustic deterrent devices on Scottish marine wildlife
Tyler Muhly, M. Musiani (2009)
Livestock depredation by wolves and the ranching economy in the Northwestern U.S.Ecological Economics, 68
R. Schusterman (1981)
Behavioral Capabilities of Seals and Sea Lions: A Review of Their Hearing, Visual, Learning and Diving SkillsThe Psychological Record, 31
(2013)
Far-reaching effects of a 430
P. Nachtigall, A. Supin (2013)
A false killer whale reduces its hearing sensitivity when a loud sound is preceded by a warningJournal of Experimental Biology, 216
M. Brandt, Caroline Höschle, A. Diederichs, K. Betke, Rainer Matuschek, S. Witte, G. Nehls (2013)
Far‐reaching effects of a seal scarer on harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoenaAquatic Conservation-marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 23
M. Fanselow (1982)
The postshock activity burstAnimal Learning & Behavior, 10
M. Koch (1999)
The neurobiology of startleProgress in Neurobiology, 59
W. Timberlake (1994)
Behavior systems, associationism, and Pavlovian conditioningPsychonomic Bulletin & Review, 1
lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4
T. Götz, V. Janik (2013)
Acoustic deterrent devices to prevent pinniped depredation: efficiency, conservation concerns and possible solutionsMarine Ecology Progress Series, 492
R. Team (2014)
R: A language and environment for statistical computing.MSOR connections, 1
M. Fanselow (1984)
What is conditioned fear?Trends in Neurosciences, 7
(2008)
The use of conditioning tasks to model fear and anxiety
(1984)
What is conditioned fear? Trends Neurosci
(2006)
Depredation of catch
(2008)
The use of conditioning tasks to model fear and anxiety. In Handbook of anxiety and fear: 29–48
Marine mammal interactions with fisheries create conflicts that can threaten human safety, economic interests and marine mammal survival. A deterrent that capitalizes on learning mechanisms, like fear conditioning, may enhance success while simultaneously balancing welfare concerns and reduce noise pollution. During fear conditioning, individuals learn the cues that precede the dangerous stimuli, and respond by avoiding the painful situations. We tested the efficacy of fear conditioning using acoustic stimuli for reducing California sea lion Zalophus californianus interactions from two fishing contexts in California, USA; bait barges and recreational fishing vessels. We performed conditioning trials on 24 individual sea lions interacting with bait barges. We tested for acquisition of conditioned fear by pairing a neutral tone with a startle stimulus. Avoidance was strongest in response to the startle stimulus alone, but low when paired with a neutral tone. From actively fishing vessels, we tested for fear conditioning by exposing sea lions to a neutral tone followed by a startle pulse, a startle pulse alone or a no sound control. We conducted playbacks from 146 (including 48 no sound control) stops over two summer fishing seasons (2013, 2014). The startle stimulus decreased surfacing frequency, reduced bait foraging and increased surfacing distance from the vessel while the conditioned stimulus only caused a mild reduction in surfacing frequency with no other behavioral change. Exposing animals to a pair of a conditioned stimulus with a startle pulse did not achieve the intended management outcome. Rather, it generated evidence (in two study contexts) of immediate learning that led to the reduction of the unconditioned response. Taken together, our results suggest that for fear conditioning to be applied as a non‐lethal deterrent, careful consideration has to be given to individual behavior, the unconditioned/conditioned responses and the overall management goals.
Animal Conservation – Wiley
Published: Oct 1, 2017
Keywords: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.