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IntroductionAnxiety is a normal and common reaction to threats in life. A series of physiological and psychological reactions associated with tumors are great stressors to patients, especially before their tumors have been diagnosed as benign or malignant. Patients with tumors thus often show different levels of anxiety, which can impair their physiological health and social abilities, interfere with the treatment process and effect, and worsen quality of life (Derogatis et al., ; Stark and House, ; Stark et al., ; Tagay et al., , ; van der Steeg et al., ).The Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is a relatively objective and highly reliable self‐evaluation scale to assess anxiety levels and has been applied extensively in research and clinical practice (Spielberger et al., ; Spielberger, ). It measures two anxiety dimensions, state‐anxiety and trait‐anxiety. Trait‐anxiety is considered to be a consistent anxious tendency of personality, and state‐anxiety reflects a current anxious state. Some studies have investigated whether cancer patients showed distinct personality traits or psychological characteristics, and STAI is often used as an instrument in these research studies (Neuhaus et al., ; Sukegawa et al., ; Mystakidou et al., ; van der Steeg et al., ; Eskelinen and Ollonen, ;
Asia-Pacific Psychiatry – Wiley
Published: Jan 1, 2017
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