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Disputes over politics, oil and diamonds are dividing the two governments, and migrants are pawns in the game. Angolan border police expelled about 15,000 Congolese in April and May after rounding them up across the north of Angola, according to figures from the aid agency Comitato Internazionale per lo Sviluppo dei Popoli . Since early 2011, the expulsions, frequently accompanied by gang rape and other sexual assaults, have increased steeply. People on both sides of the border are mainly Bakongo, and speak Lingala or Kikongo: police tell them apart by their vaccination scars (on opposite arms) and often deport the Congolese even if their papers are in order. The Angolan authorities have also been detaining Congolese in bad conditions with little or no food for prolonged periods, according to aid agencies and witnesses. The mass deportation of Congolese immigrants from the northern provinces of Zaire, Uige and Lunda Norte has been going on since 2004 in what one observer described as ‘a cruel symptom of faltering relations between the once firm allies’. Nevertheless, the latest surge is significant. Angolan police are rounding up Congolese from the diamond fields but also from other places in what appears to be
Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series – Wiley
Published: Aug 1, 2011
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