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Allergen‐induced cytokine secretion in relation to atopic symptoms and immunoglobulin E and immunoglobulin G subclass antibody responses

Allergen‐induced cytokine secretion in relation to atopic symptoms and immunoglobulin E and... There are few studies on allergen‐induced cytokine production in allergic children, and little is known of antigen‐specific cytokine regulation of human immunoglobulin (Ig) G subclass antibody responses. An association with T‐helper 1 (Th1)‐like immunity and complement‐activating antibodies remains to be demonstrated in humans. We have previously observed that atopic symptoms are associated with high levels of IgG subclass, especially IgG4, antibodies to birch and β−lactoglobulin. The differences were seen early in life for the food allergen and increased with age for the inhaled allergen. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between atopic symptoms, birch allergen‐, and β‐lactoglobulin‐induced cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and serum IgE and IgG subclass antibody responses to these allergens in children in order to further clarify the role of Th1‐ and Th2‐like immunity in responses to various antigens. PBMC from 55 eight‐year old children, who had been followed prospectively from birth, were stimulated with birch‐ and β‐lactoglobulin. Production of interleukin (IL)‐5, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐13 and interferon (IFN)‐γ was analysed by ELISA and expression of IL‐4 and IL‐9 mRNA by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). IgG subclass antibody levels to birch‐ and β‐lactoglobulin in serum were determined by ELISA, and IgE antibodies by Magic‐Lite™ and CAP‐RAST™, respectively. Birch‐induced expression of IL‐4, but not of the other cytokines, was associated with IgE antibodies to birch. Furthermore, the IL‐4 expression and IL‐6 production correlated with serum IgG4 antibody levels to this allergen, and IFN‐γ secretion with IgG1 antibody responses. There were no correlations between β‐lactoglobulin‐stimulated cytokine production and IgG subclass antibody levels to that allergen, except for a negative association between β‐lactoglobulin‐stimulated IL‐4 expression and IgG1 antibodies. Atopic children tended to have high levels of birch and β‐lactoglobulin‐induced IL‐5, IL‐6 and IL‐10 secretion. Birch‐induced IL‐4 expression may be the major factor in determining IgE antibody formation to that allergen, while allergen‐induced IL‐5, IL‐6 and IL‐10 secretion in PBMC is associated with atopic symptoms. Th1‐like immunity to inhaled allergens could be associated with production of the opsonizing and complement‐activating IgG1 antibody subclass, and Th2‐like immunity with IgG4 antibody responses. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Wiley

Allergen‐induced cytokine secretion in relation to atopic symptoms and immunoglobulin E and immunoglobulin G subclass antibody responses

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References (70)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
ISSN
0905-6157
eISSN
1399-3038
DOI
10.1034/j.1399-3038.1999.00016.x
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

There are few studies on allergen‐induced cytokine production in allergic children, and little is known of antigen‐specific cytokine regulation of human immunoglobulin (Ig) G subclass antibody responses. An association with T‐helper 1 (Th1)‐like immunity and complement‐activating antibodies remains to be demonstrated in humans. We have previously observed that atopic symptoms are associated with high levels of IgG subclass, especially IgG4, antibodies to birch and β−lactoglobulin. The differences were seen early in life for the food allergen and increased with age for the inhaled allergen. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between atopic symptoms, birch allergen‐, and β‐lactoglobulin‐induced cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and serum IgE and IgG subclass antibody responses to these allergens in children in order to further clarify the role of Th1‐ and Th2‐like immunity in responses to various antigens. PBMC from 55 eight‐year old children, who had been followed prospectively from birth, were stimulated with birch‐ and β‐lactoglobulin. Production of interleukin (IL)‐5, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐13 and interferon (IFN)‐γ was analysed by ELISA and expression of IL‐4 and IL‐9 mRNA by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). IgG subclass antibody levels to birch‐ and β‐lactoglobulin in serum were determined by ELISA, and IgE antibodies by Magic‐Lite™ and CAP‐RAST™, respectively. Birch‐induced expression of IL‐4, but not of the other cytokines, was associated with IgE antibodies to birch. Furthermore, the IL‐4 expression and IL‐6 production correlated with serum IgG4 antibody levels to this allergen, and IFN‐γ secretion with IgG1 antibody responses. There were no correlations between β‐lactoglobulin‐stimulated cytokine production and IgG subclass antibody levels to that allergen, except for a negative association between β‐lactoglobulin‐stimulated IL‐4 expression and IgG1 antibodies. Atopic children tended to have high levels of birch and β‐lactoglobulin‐induced IL‐5, IL‐6 and IL‐10 secretion. Birch‐induced IL‐4 expression may be the major factor in determining IgE antibody formation to that allergen, while allergen‐induced IL‐5, IL‐6 and IL‐10 secretion in PBMC is associated with atopic symptoms. Th1‐like immunity to inhaled allergens could be associated with production of the opsonizing and complement‐activating IgG1 antibody subclass, and Th2‐like immunity with IgG4 antibody responses.

Journal

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology – Wiley

Published: Aug 1, 1999

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