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SC 10.3-Books 8/9/04 4:02 PM Page 104 national level and where they were not enjoined from functioning, as in Alabama, however, naacp branches and officers were as likely to be boycotting, marching, and picketing between 1956 and 1964 as they were in litigating, lobbying, and petitioning. Virginia’s naacp executive, Lester Banks, was arrested for trespass in 1961 when he sat-in at a white lunch counter in Lynchburg. naacp youth branches spearheaded local direct action movements in Durham, North Caro- lina, and Macon, Georgia. Moreover, the naacp nurtured leaders of new civil rights activism. King, E. D. Nixon, and Rosa Parks were officers of Mont- gomery’s branch before the bus boycott. Ella Baker, Wyatt Walker, James Farmer, and Floyd McKissick were all naacp officers before leading the Southern Chris- tian Leadership Conference and the Congress of Racial Equality. If all the South were Alabama, direct action would be the movement’s drama, and its most dramatic moments would occur there. Were all the South Alabama, Martin Luther King would be the movement’s pre-eminent voice, often the only one heard above the turmoil enmeshing local leaders in local grievances. Even if all the South is Alabama, the naacp often came to King’s
Southern Cultures – University of North Carolina Press
Published: Aug 24, 2004
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