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Chapter 8 CONTENTS History Education Professional Development Future Directions Minority participation in the nursing profession has been inextricably bound to the history of racism, segregation, and civil rights in She United States. Mi- nority nurses continue to be underrepresented in spite of recent gains in the number of minority students enrolled in undergraduate nursing programs (Powell, 1992). The subpopulations with recognized minority status in the United States include blacks, Asian-Pacific Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans. What little literature exists related to minorities in nursing is fo- cused primarily on blacks, the largest minority group in nursing who are still underrepresented. Blacks comprise 12% of the population in the United States yet blacks represent 3.6% of all nurses and 4% of practicing nurses [American Nurses Association (ANA), 19881. Further, the ANA reported that 89% of bhck nurses remain in active practice compared to 79% of white registered nurses. Asian-Pacific Americans represent 2% of registered nurses, Hispanic Ameri- cans 1.3%, and Native Americans 0.2%. Powell (1992) maintained that all minority nurses are more likely to remain active practitioners compared to white nurses. For the purposes of this chapter, the following four ethnic minority cate- gories were the focus of a literature
Annual Review of Nursing Research – Springer Publishing
Published: Jan 1, 1994
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