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Chapter 1 CONTENTS Social Factors Race Social Starus Scope of This Review Measurement of Blood Pressure Amhulatury Blood Pressure Monitoring Biophysical Fluid Infusions Presucrioning Oxygenation Patient Position Medicution Administration Valsalvu Maneuver Movement and Exercise Psychosocial Pain Touch and Massugc Music Relaxation and Biofeekk Symptom Reporting Health Belief Model Commun icntion Companion Animuls Conclusion and Future Research 4 RESEARCH ON NURSING PRACTICE William Harvey, in 1628, was the first to desctibe the heart and circulation (Willius & Keys, 1941). However, it was not until 1904 that N. S. Komtokov developed the technique to measure blood pressure (BPI noninvasiveIy in humans (Geddis, Hoff, & Badger, 1967). Today BP is one of the most common measurements used to evaluate the cardiovascular system. The most serious physiological con- sequence of elevated BP is the development of essential hypertension. Hypertension is a multifactorial psychophysiological disorder. Multiple physiological, behavioral, psychological, and social factors influence BP and contribute to the development of hypertension. Although nursing is frequently referred to as a biopsychosocial discipline, research in "social" or sociological factors in BP has been neglected (Tho- mas, Liehr, DeKeyser, & Friedmann, 1993). Scientists in other fields have investigated the effect on BP of social factors such as
Annual Review of Nursing Research – Springer Publishing
Published: Jan 1, 1996
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