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Recent Advances in Electrochromics for Smart Windows ApplicationsOptical Interference Coatings
The optimisation of the morphology of WO3 thin films allowed a more efficient electrochromic colouring using Na+ ions than H+ ones. Therefore, sodium superionic conductor (Na3Zr2Si2PO12, NASICON) films may be used as electrolyte in inorganic electrochromic devices. In this paper, the structure, chemical composition, morphology and electrochromic properties of WO3, ZnO:Al and Na3Zr2Si2PO12 thin films were studied to develop a novel type of electrochromic device. WO3, ZnO:Al and Na3Zr2Si2PO12 thin films were deposited using reactive magnetron sputtering of tungsten, zinc and aluminium and Zr–Si and Na3PO4 targets, respectively. For transparent conductive oxide coatings, a correlation was established between the deposition parametres and the film’s structure, transmittance and electrical resistivity. Classical sputtering methods were not suitable for the deposition of NASICON films on large surface with homogenous composition. On the other hand, the use of high-frequency pulsed direct current generators allowed the deposition of amorphous films that crystallised after thermal annealing upon 700 °C in the Na3Zr2Si2PO12 structure. Amorphous films exhibited ionic conductivity close to 2 × 10−3 S cm−1. Finally, preliminary results related to the electrochromic performance of NASICON, WO3 and indium tin oxide devices were given.
Ionics – Springer Journals
Published: Nov 28, 2007
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