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The Roles of Common Variation and Somatic Mutation in Cancer Pharmacogenomics

The Roles of Common Variation and Somatic Mutation in Cancer Pharmacogenomics Cancer pharmacogenomics is the science concerned with understanding genetic alterations and its effects on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anti-cancer drugs, with the aim to provide cancer patients with the precise medication that will achieve a good response and cause low/no incidence of adverse events. Advances in biotechnology and bioinformatics have enabled genomic research to evolve from the evaluation of alterations at the single-gene level to studies on the whole-genome scale using large-scale genotyping and next generation sequencing techniques. International collaborative efforts have resulted in the construction of databases to curate the identified genetic alterations that are clinically significant, and these are currently utilized in clinical sequencing and liquid biopsy screening/monitoring. Furthermore, countless clinical studies have accumulated sufficient evidence to match cancer patients to therapies by utilizing the information of clinical-relevant alterations. In this review we summarize the importance of germline alterations that act as predictive biomarkers for drug-induced toxicity and drug response as well as somatic mutations in cancer cells that function as drug targets. The integration of genomics into the medical field has transformed the era of cancer therapy from one-size-fits-all to cancer precision medicine. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Oncology and Therapy Springer Journals

The Roles of Common Variation and Somatic Mutation in Cancer Pharmacogenomics

Chan, Hiu; Chin, Yoon; Low, Siew-Kee
Oncology and Therapy , Volume 7 (1) – Jan 4, 2019
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Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 by The Author(s)
Subject
Medicine & Public Health; Internal Medicine
ISSN
2366-1070
eISSN
2366-1089
DOI
10.1007/s40487-018-0090-6
Publisher site
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Abstract

Cancer pharmacogenomics is the science concerned with understanding genetic alterations and its effects on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anti-cancer drugs, with the aim to provide cancer patients with the precise medication that will achieve a good response and cause low/no incidence of adverse events. Advances in biotechnology and bioinformatics have enabled genomic research to evolve from the evaluation of alterations at the single-gene level to studies on the whole-genome scale using large-scale genotyping and next generation sequencing techniques. International collaborative efforts have resulted in the construction of databases to curate the identified genetic alterations that are clinically significant, and these are currently utilized in clinical sequencing and liquid biopsy screening/monitoring. Furthermore, countless clinical studies have accumulated sufficient evidence to match cancer patients to therapies by utilizing the information of clinical-relevant alterations. In this review we summarize the importance of germline alterations that act as predictive biomarkers for drug-induced toxicity and drug response as well as somatic mutations in cancer cells that function as drug targets. The integration of genomics into the medical field has transformed the era of cancer therapy from one-size-fits-all to cancer precision medicine.

Journal

Oncology and Therapy – Springer Journals

Published: Jan 4, 2019

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  • Nilotinib versus imatinib for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase, Philadelphia chromosome-positive, chronic myeloid leukaemia: 24-month minimum follow-up of the phase 3 randomised ENESTnd trial
    Kantarjian, HM; Hochhaus, A; Saglio, G
  • A phase 2 trial of ponatinib in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias
    Cortes, JE; Kim, DW; Pinilla-Ibarz, J
  • Palbociclib in hormone-receptor-positive advanced breast cancer
    Turner, NC; Ro, J; Andre, F
  • First-line ribociclib plus letrozole in postmenopausal women with HR+, HER2− advanced breast cancer: tumor response and pain reduction in the phase 3 MONALEESA-2 trial
    Janni, W; Alba, E; Bachelot, T
  • Predictive value of epidermal growth factor receptor expression for first-line chemotherapy plus cetuximab in patients with head and neck and colorectal cancer: analysis of data from the EXTREME and CRYSTAL studies
    Licitra, L; Storkel, S; Kerr, KM
  • Maintenance erlotinib versus erlotinib at disease progression in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who have not progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy (IUNO study)
    Cicenas, S; Geater, SL; Petrov, P
  • Erlotinib plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer: real-world analysis of Korean national database
    Shin, S; Park, CM; Kwon, H; Lee, KH
  • First-line gefitinib in Caucasian EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC patients: a phase-IV, open-label, single-arm study
    Douillard, JY; Ostoros, G; Cobo, M
  • Osimertinib in Japanese patients with EGFR T790M mutation-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: AURA3 trial
    Akamatsu, H; Katakami, N; Okamoto, I
  • Osimertinib or platinum-pemetrexed in EGFR T790M-positive lung cancer
    Mok, TS; Wu, YL; Ahn, MJ
  • Osimertinib in untreated EGFR-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
    Soria, JC; Ohe, Y; Vansteenkiste, J
  • Final results from PRIME: randomized phase III study of panitumumab with FOLFOX4 for first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer
    Douillard, JY; Siena, S; Cassidy, J
  • Panitumumab versus cetuximab in patients with chemotherapy-refractory wild-type KRAS exon 2 metastatic colorectal cancer (ASPECCT): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority phase 3 study
    Price, TJ; Peeters, M; Kim, TW
  • Trastuzumab emtansine versus treatment of physician’s choice in patients with previously treated HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (TH3RESA): final overall survival results from a randomised open-label phase 3 trial
    Krop, IE; Kim, SB; Martin, AG
  • Trastuzumab emtansine versus capecitabine plus lapatinib in patients with previously treated HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (EMILIA): a descriptive analysis of final overall survival results from a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial
    Dieras, V; Miles, D; Verma, S
  • 11 years’ follow-up of trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer: final analysis of the HERceptin Adjuvant (HERA) trial
    Cameron, D; Piccart-Gebhart, MJ; Gelber, RD
  • Treatment with trastuzumab for 1 year after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer: a 4-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial
    Gianni, L; Dafni, U; Gelber, RD
  • Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial
    Bang, YJ; Cutsem, E; Feyereislova, A
  • Adjuvant pertuzumab and trastuzumab in early HER2-positive breast cancer
    Minckwitz, G; Procter, M; Azambuja, E
  • FDA drug approval summary: lapatinib in combination with capecitabine for previously treated metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER-2
    Ryan, Q; Ibrahim, A; Cohen, MH
  • Neratinib after trastuzumab-based adjuvant therapy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (ExteNET): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
    Chan, A; Delaloge, S; Holmes, FA
  • Neratinib after trastuzumab-based adjuvant therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer (ExteNET): 5-year analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
    Martin, M; Holmes, FA; Ejlertsen, B
  • Imatinib mesylate in the treatment of systemic mastocytosis: a phase II trial
    Droogendijk, HJ; Kluin-Nelemans, HJ; Doormaal, JJ; Oranje, AP; Loosdrecht, AA; Daele, PL
  • Approval summary: imatinib mesylate in the treatment of metastatic and/or unresectable malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors
    Cohen, MH; Farrell, A; Justice, R; Pazdur, R
  • Everolimus plus exemestane in postmenopausal patients with HR(+) breast cancer: BOLERO-2 final progression-free survival analysis
    Yardley, DA; Noguchi, S; Pritchard, KI
  • Everolimus for the treatment of advanced, non-functional neuroendocrine tumours of the lung or gastrointestinal tract (RADIANT-4): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study
    Yao, JC; Fazio, N; Singh, S
  • Phase 3 trial of everolimus for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: final results and analysis of prognostic factors
    Motzer, RJ; Escudier, B; Oudard, S
  • Everolimus for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
    Yao, JC; Shah, MH; Ito, T
  • Efficacy and safety of everolimus for subependymal giant cell astrocytomas associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (EXIST-1): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial
    Franz, DN; Belousova, E; Sparagana, S
  • Response to imatinib mesylate in patients with chronic myeloproliferative diseases with rearrangements of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta
    Apperley, JF; Gardembas, M; Melo, JV
  • Imatinib mesylate in advanced dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: pooled analysis of two phase II clinical trials
    Rutkowski, P; Glabbeke, M; Rankin, CJ
  • Imatinib therapy for hypereosinophilic syndrome and other eosinophilic disorders
    Pardanani, A; Reeder, T; Porrata, LF
  • Paclitaxel-carboplatin alone or with bevacizumab for non-small-cell lung cancer
    Sandler, A; Gray, R; Perry, MC
  • Patient reported outcomes of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of bevacizumab in the front-line treatment of ovarian cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study
    Monk, BJ; Huang, HQ; Burger, RA
  • Ramucirumab plus docetaxel versus placebo plus docetaxel for second-line treatment of stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer after disease progression on platinum-based therapy (REVEL): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial
    Garon, EB; Ciuleanu, TE; Arrieta, O