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Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia: a history

Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia: a history Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 25(4): 233–236. EDITORIAL December 2017 1, 2 3 4 5 Elizabeth Höfling , Luiz dos Anjos , Pedro Scherer-Neto , Paulo de Tarso Zuquim Antas 6,7 & Carla Suertegaray Fontana Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil. Museu de História Natural de Taubaté, R. Juvenal Dias de Carvalho 111, Jardim do Sol, 12070-640, Taubaté, SP, Brazil. Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 km 380, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Museu de História Natural “Capão da Imbuia", R. Benedito Conceição 407, 82810-080, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Fundação Pró-Natureza, SCLN 107, Bloco B, sala 201, 70743-520, Brasília, DF, Brazil. PUCRS. Laboratório de Ornitologia, Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia e Curso de Pós-graduação em Zoologia. Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Corresponding author: carla@pucrs.br Received on 11 December 2017. Accepted on 03 March 2018. Our Brazilian Ornithological Society (Sociedade Brasileira birdwatching in various states of Brazil, such as the de Ornitologia - SBO) was born 30 years ago. The aim of Centro de Estudos Ornitológicos (CEO) founded in this Editorial is provide a point-of-view of relevant facts 1984, in the Departamento de Zoologia of the Instituto that lead the establishment of the SBO, and some key de Biociências of the Universidade de São Paulo. A decade (despite not exhaustive) facts along these three decades. before the founding of the SBO, in 1977, the CEMAVE th The 20 Century was an important period for the (formerly named Centro de Estudos de Migrações de development of ornithology as a science in Brazil (see Aves) was founded at a national level by the Instituto Pinto 1979, Paynter-Jr. 1991, Belton 1994, Sick 1997, Brasileiro de Desenvolvimento Florestal [Brazilian Alves & Silva 2000, Aleixo & Straube 2007, Fontana Institute for Forestry Development], whose first course et al. 2017). The German ornithologist and naturalist in bird watching was ministered by Bill Belton, with the Emilie Snethlage (who worked at the Museu Paraense participation of Helmut Sick. Today the CEMAVE is one Emílio Goeldi and Museu Nacional), Olivério Pinto of the 13 National Centers for Research and Conservation (ornithologist from the Museu Paulista, today Museu under the auspices of the Instituto Chico Mendes de de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo) and another Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio). These entities, German ornithologist, Helmut Sick (from the Museu the CEMAVE, COAs and CEO, were seeds for the future Nacional, Rio de Janeiro), were amongst those who made development of the SBO. substantial contributions to build the knowledge of our At the onset of the 1980's amateur and professional birds. In addition to undertaking extensive expeditions ornithologists organized a series of meetings that to different Brazilian biomes, they were responsible for brought together ornithologists at local and national innumerable publications and also scientific collections levels, especially the Encontros de Anilhadores de Aves that were fundamental for the development of ornithology [birdbanders meetings] promoted by CEMAVE, the first until now. of which was held at Universidade Federal de Viçosa However, prior to the creation of the SBO, some (Minas Gerais) from 02 to 24 January of 1985. At these Brazilian institutions and universities already had events, contacts between ornithologists were gradually researchers dedicated to the study of birds, although increased and gave rise to the idea of the creation of a they still had only limited integration, largely due to national entity in the form of a society that would bring the physical distances separating them in a country of together people interested in ornithology and also a continental size, besides other logistic difficulties. The regular meeting of this society. first entity - the Clube de Observadores de Aves (COA) Subsequently, the first attempts to organize a society of Rio Grande do Sul - aimed to bring together those dedicated to the study of birds occurred within the scope interested in ornithology and bird watching arose in the of the congresses of the Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia 1970's. William “Bill” Belton, a retired but influential (SBZ) by way of the Brazilian Ornithological Meetings. north-American diplomat and passionate birdwatcher in Thus, in 1984, on the occasion of the XI Congress of the Rio Grande do Sul, was the mentor in 1974 of this first SBZ in Belém (Pará), during the II Encontro Brasileiro birdwatcher club. de Ornitologia, on 16 February, the creation of the SBO This initiative was followe d by other clubs of was proposed. At that time there were in Brazil only a few SBO brief history Höfling et al. professional ornithologists working in different national this for student members. The national currency was the institutions, but many students were interested in the cruzado, and 1 OTN corresponded to Cz$ 695.50, but its study of birds. value was in constant flux (dollar variation was from Cz$ In the following year, 1985, during the XII Congresso 71.89 to Cz$ 761.49 along the year of 1988). Brasileiro de Zoologia held in Campinas (São Paulo), At the beginning, to communicate with their a new meeting affirmed t he foundation of the SBO, members, SBO used a printed informative bulletin and ruled that participants who signed up, in addition (Boletim da SBO) of which the first issue was published to those who signed prior to the official founding date, in January/February 1988 with José Maria Cardoso da would be considered as founding members of the society. Silva as editor. The bulletins, which were bimonthly until In February 1987, during the XIV Congresso 1990 were interrupted in 1991, and resumed with the Brasileiro de Zoologia in Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais) the editor Walter Voss in 1992 in a biannual format until first Boar d of Directors (1987–1989) of the SBO was 1999. These bulletins featured, in addition to general elected, with Roberto Brandão Cavalcanti as president, notices, topics related to different species of bir ds, study Maria Alice dos Santos Alves as secretary, and Paulo de groups, new discoveries, announcements of national and Tarso Zuquim Antas as treasurer. The first Deliberative international meetings, the launch of journals in the area, Council (1985–1989) was composed by Jacques M.E. articles published by members, news on banding of birds Vielliard, Pedro Scherer Neto and David Oren. They were in Brazil, academic theses and dissertations that had been responsible for all of the initial organizational work for defended, and obituaries. The bulletins were distributed the new society, and they had to overcome many obstacles by surface mail and eagerly awaited by members who were to get it established. keen to receive the ornithological news. It is important to Subsequently, on 16 July 1987, at the III Encontro recall that at this time this sort of communication was Nacional de Anilhadores de Aves, held at the Universidade essential, as there was no other way to spread news in do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), in São Leopoldo (Rio a large scale. The first virtual message was sent in Brazil Grande do Sul), the creation of the SBO was formally in 1988, via Bitnet, a network that was only available established during an extraordinary meeting of the in some universities. The internet as a tool for general General Assembly. communication only became available to the population SBO was officially founded on the 13 November at large in 1995. (supplement of the Diário Oficial do Distrito Federal, Amongst other new items, in the first bulletin 1987, number 214, page 36) with a summary of the of 1988 it was announced that the first edition of the objectives of the society: to bring together people interested SBO scientific journal would be launched in 1989, with in ornithology, represent the community of Brazilian Luiz Antonio Pedreira Gonzaga as the editor-in-chief. ornithologists national and internationally, promote The creation of the journal Ararajuba, Revista Brasileira and provide courses, lectures, meetings and regional, de Ornitologia already featured in the statutes of the national and/or international congresses, stimulate the SBO in accordance with article 20. The first edition conservation of the avifauna, spread knowledge about was published in August 1990, with 11 main papers, 8 ornithology, and bring together within the scope of the short communications and 1 In Memoriam (Necrology). SBO organized groups dedicated to diverse aspects of The cover of Ararajuba showed a hand-drawing of an ornithology. The boar d of directors of the SBO is elected Ararajuba (Guaruba guarouba) made by Carlos Yamashita each two years, and comprises a chair, two secretaries and until 2004 (volume 12, issue 21), when it started to show two treasures members, beside a deliberative supervisory color photographs of birds. Ararajuba published two board (see statute at www.ararajuba.org.br). issues per year between 1996 and 2005. In 2005 (volume The founding document for the society reported 13, issue 23) the journal's name was changed to Revista 72 founding members, most of whom were biologists, Brasileira de Ornitologia/Brazilian Journal of Ornithology, of which 16 were undergraduate students, and of the publishing four issues per year since 2006, and changing remaining 56, many were undertaking graduate studies. from printed to digital format since 2007. The Revista This founding minute was registered at the notary's office Brasileira de Ornitologia had published 69 issues in these in Brasília, DF, on 25 November 1987. 27 years. Today, the digital Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, In February 1988, during the General Assembly published in English and with four fascicles each year, is meeting of the SBO, at the XV Congresso Brasileiro de the main reference source for Brazilian ornithology, and Zoologia in Curitiba (Paraná), it was decided that the date has an emphasis on diverse studies of Neotropical birds. for future ornithological meetings should still coincide The impac t factor of the Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, with those of the Congresso Brasileiro de Zoologia; it was measured by Journal Citation Reports® was 0.414 in 2016. also decided that the value of the annual subscription for Only in 1991, during the term of the second the SBO would be fixed at 1 OTN (a Brazilian monetary board chaired by Pedro Scherer Neto (1989–1991), index in use until 1989) for regular members, and half the Meetings of SBO became independent from those Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 25(4): 2017 SBO brief history Höfling et al. organized by the Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia; this not increased in proportion to the growth of knowledge was a signal of the scientific atmosphere and maturity in ornithology, currently celebrating its 30 years, we of SBO in that period, which allowed the consolidation can affirm that the SBO is on firm foundations and is of the new society. It was also decided that the meetings sustainable, especially since the Revista Brasileira de of the SBO and those of the bird banders would be Ornitologia passed to a digital version published only in combined, given the great overlap of participants and the English. Its papers are widely cited, which guarantees difficulties of attending two separate annual meetings in regular publication of the journal and qualifies it for a country of continental size. The bir d banding meetings funding from the Brazilian scientific funders. As always, it occurred annually from 1985 until 1990. The last one depends on the great endeavors of its directors, advisers and was held in Pelotas and the book of abstracts comprised editors, who are increasingly more experienced and have 37 contributions. In 1991, the first Congresso Brasileiro been greatly helped by new technologies, and associations de Ornitologia (I CBO), held in Belém (Pará) already had with national institutions such as the Sociedade Brasileira 71 contributions from 78 authors. A significant feature do Zoologia (SBZ) and the Sociedade Brasileira para o was the participation by young students, and this has Progresso da Ciência (SBPC). persisted for all of the congresses sponsored by SBO. The The SBO, like other scientific societies in Brazil, congresses have grown since then, with 106 abstracts from depends on the interest and also the annual subscriptions 124 authors at the II CBO held in 1992 in Cuiabá (Mato of its members, since this is the only source of assured Grosso), to 350 abstracts and 500 registered participants funds. It is always hoped that the Brazilian congresses at the last congress in Brazil (XXIII CBO), held in 2016 have a positive balance that can be credited to the SBO, in Pirenópolis (Goiás). which has not been always achieved. However, welcome Since the first Congresso Brasileiro de Ornitologia contributions from different institutions, like most of the (I CBO) occurred in Belém in 1991, there have been 23 SBO chair institutions or RBO Editors institutions helped editions of the CBOs in different states of Brazil (eight in the SBO. For example, the Museu Goeldi has provided the north and northeast regions, three in the middlewest facilities to manage and publish electronically manuscripts and 12 in southeast and south regions of Brazil). One submitted to the Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia. CNPq, th exception occurred in 2010, when the 25 International the Brazillian Council for Development of Science and Ornithological Congress (IOC) was held in Campos de Tecnology, supported the printed version of the Revista Jordão (São Paulo). This honorable ex ception occurred Brasileira de Ornitologia for several years and the online because it was the first time that this very traditional version along recent years. world event was held in South America, recognition of During these 30 years Brazilian ornithology has the level of development of ornithology in our country. significantly advan ced in aspects such as the quality of the In 2015, the Congresso Brasileiro de Ornitologia was research done and the presence of members from most held in Manaus (Amazonas), in conjunction with the public and private universities, museums, and wildlife Congreso de Ornitología Neotropical of the Neotropical conservation institutions. Additionally, it broadly reaches Ornithological Society (NOS), again re-affirming the out to the community via its website, participation by importance of the SBO in the Neotropics. In 2017, members in international and national committees (such there was another international initiative by the SBO as the Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos with the sponsoring of the Ornithological Congress CBRO, the Official Brazilian Bir d List), and in platforms of the Americas, held in Puerto Iguazú, Argentina, in such as Wikiaves and e-bird. Currently, there are several conjunction with two societies: the Aves Argentinas Masters and Doctoral graduate research programs that (AA) and the Association of Field Ornithologists (AFO). are forming students in areas related to ornithology, thus Again, this international collaboration demonstrates the showing its importance. growing maturity of a young SBO that can promote New facilities for communication allow a constant international meetings with traditional societies of the increase in the contact between associates of the SBO, and world, such as the AA and AFO that are 100 and 95 years doubtless research studies in progress will be improved old, respectively. by this enhanced integration. This new scenario is very We can bear witness to the fact that the SBO has different from that prevailing at the outset of Brazilian already been through different phases, including some ornithology and it will open doors to a new era for that were difficult to over come. The number of regular research on Brazilian birds. paid-up members has fluctuated over the years (averaged Of the 72 founding members of the SBO, some 140 from 2012 to 2014), but there are usually around have retired, others have passed away, others continue to 100 members/year, some of them researchers who have accompany us from a distance, and some continue to be accompanied the society since its foundation or for much active in the SBO. Currently, among the 90 members, of this time. about half (47) are undergraduate (19) or graduate (28) Meanwhile, although the number of members has student members. It is worth recalling that of the young Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 25(4): 2017 SBO brief history Höfling et al. students who in 1987 contributed to the founding of the and an anonymous reviewer made valuable suggestions to SBO, some now have important roles in the academic the manuscript. formation of masters and doctoral students in the area of ornithology, and have become recognized international REFERENCES scientists. We hope that today's student members will follow the same path, with the same ideals as those Aleixo A. & Straube F.C. 2007. Coleções de aves brasileiras: breve who founded the SBO, and that with the vigor of these histórico, diagnóstico atual e perspectivas para o futuro. Revista modern times they will be able to celebrate many more Brasileira de Ornitologia 15: 315–324. decades dedicated to the study of birds in Brazil. Alves M.A.S. & Silva J.M.C. 2000. A ornitologia no Brasil: desenvolvimento, tendências atuais e perspectivas, p. 327–344. In: Alves M.A.S., Silva J.M.C., van Sluys M., Bergallo H.G. & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Rocha C.F.D. A ornitologia no Brasil: pesquisa atual e perspectivas. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. UERJ. Belton W. 1994. Aves do Rio Grande do Sul: distribuição e biologia. São Our thanks to all those who collaborated to create the Leopoldo: Editora Unisinos. SBO, to all of the past and current members of the Fontana C.S., Silva T.W. da & Souza J.P. 2017. Brazilian bird Board of Directors, all the Presidents of the Brazilian collections: a decade after Aleixo & Straube (2007). Revista Ornithological Meetings (CBO's) and all Editors-in- Brasileira de Ornitologia 25: 277–296. chief of the Boletim and the Ararajuba, Revista Brasileira Paynter-Jr. R.A. 1991. The maturation of Brazilian ornithology. Ararajuba 2: 105–106. de Ornitologia/Brazilian Journal of Ornithology. It is also Pinto O.M.O. 1979. A ornitologia brasileira através das idades (Século important to mention the researchers and teachers from XVI a século XIX). São Paulo: Editora Gráfica da Revista dos museums, universities, or other research institutions who Tribunais. produced and multiplied knowledge, particularly forming Sick H. 1997. Ornitologia brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. Nova human resources. Those members have worked, and Fronteira. continue working, in the construction and maintenance of this 30 years of history. Leandro Bugoni, Miguel Marini Associate Editor: Leandro Bugoni. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 25(4): 2017 http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Ornithology Research Springer Journals

Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia: a history

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Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 25(4): 233–236. EDITORIAL December 2017 1, 2 3 4 5 Elizabeth Höfling , Luiz dos Anjos , Pedro Scherer-Neto , Paulo de Tarso Zuquim Antas 6,7 & Carla Suertegaray Fontana Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil. Museu de História Natural de Taubaté, R. Juvenal Dias de Carvalho 111, Jardim do Sol, 12070-640, Taubaté, SP, Brazil. Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 km 380, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Museu de História Natural “Capão da Imbuia", R. Benedito Conceição 407, 82810-080, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Fundação Pró-Natureza, SCLN 107, Bloco B, sala 201, 70743-520, Brasília, DF, Brazil. PUCRS. Laboratório de Ornitologia, Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia e Curso de Pós-graduação em Zoologia. Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Corresponding author: carla@pucrs.br Received on 11 December 2017. Accepted on 03 March 2018. Our Brazilian Ornithological Society (Sociedade Brasileira birdwatching in various states of Brazil, such as the de Ornitologia - SBO) was born 30 years ago. The aim of Centro de Estudos Ornitológicos (CEO) founded in this Editorial is provide a point-of-view of relevant facts 1984, in the Departamento de Zoologia of the Instituto that lead the establishment of the SBO, and some key de Biociências of the Universidade de São Paulo. A decade (despite not exhaustive) facts along these three decades. before the founding of the SBO, in 1977, the CEMAVE th The 20 Century was an important period for the (formerly named Centro de Estudos de Migrações de development of ornithology as a science in Brazil (see Aves) was founded at a national level by the Instituto Pinto 1979, Paynter-Jr. 1991, Belton 1994, Sick 1997, Brasileiro de Desenvolvimento Florestal [Brazilian Alves & Silva 2000, Aleixo & Straube 2007, Fontana Institute for Forestry Development], whose first course et al. 2017). The German ornithologist and naturalist in bird watching was ministered by Bill Belton, with the Emilie Snethlage (who worked at the Museu Paraense participation of Helmut Sick. Today the CEMAVE is one Emílio Goeldi and Museu Nacional), Olivério Pinto of the 13 National Centers for Research and Conservation (ornithologist from the Museu Paulista, today Museu under the auspices of the Instituto Chico Mendes de de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo) and another Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio). These entities, German ornithologist, Helmut Sick (from the Museu the CEMAVE, COAs and CEO, were seeds for the future Nacional, Rio de Janeiro), were amongst those who made development of the SBO. substantial contributions to build the knowledge of our At the onset of the 1980's amateur and professional birds. In addition to undertaking extensive expeditions ornithologists organized a series of meetings that to different Brazilian biomes, they were responsible for brought together ornithologists at local and national innumerable publications and also scientific collections levels, especially the Encontros de Anilhadores de Aves that were fundamental for the development of ornithology [birdbanders meetings] promoted by CEMAVE, the first until now. of which was held at Universidade Federal de Viçosa However, prior to the creation of the SBO, some (Minas Gerais) from 02 to 24 January of 1985. At these Brazilian institutions and universities already had events, contacts between ornithologists were gradually researchers dedicated to the study of birds, although increased and gave rise to the idea of the creation of a they still had only limited integration, largely due to national entity in the form of a society that would bring the physical distances separating them in a country of together people interested in ornithology and also a continental size, besides other logistic difficulties. The regular meeting of this society. first entity - the Clube de Observadores de Aves (COA) Subsequently, the first attempts to organize a society of Rio Grande do Sul - aimed to bring together those dedicated to the study of birds occurred within the scope interested in ornithology and bird watching arose in the of the congresses of the Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia 1970's. William “Bill” Belton, a retired but influential (SBZ) by way of the Brazilian Ornithological Meetings. north-American diplomat and passionate birdwatcher in Thus, in 1984, on the occasion of the XI Congress of the Rio Grande do Sul, was the mentor in 1974 of this first SBZ in Belém (Pará), during the II Encontro Brasileiro birdwatcher club. de Ornitologia, on 16 February, the creation of the SBO This initiative was followe d by other clubs of was proposed. At that time there were in Brazil only a few SBO brief history Höfling et al. professional ornithologists working in different national this for student members. The national currency was the institutions, but many students were interested in the cruzado, and 1 OTN corresponded to Cz$ 695.50, but its study of birds. value was in constant flux (dollar variation was from Cz$ In the following year, 1985, during the XII Congresso 71.89 to Cz$ 761.49 along the year of 1988). Brasileiro de Zoologia held in Campinas (São Paulo), At the beginning, to communicate with their a new meeting affirmed t he foundation of the SBO, members, SBO used a printed informative bulletin and ruled that participants who signed up, in addition (Boletim da SBO) of which the first issue was published to those who signed prior to the official founding date, in January/February 1988 with José Maria Cardoso da would be considered as founding members of the society. Silva as editor. The bulletins, which were bimonthly until In February 1987, during the XIV Congresso 1990 were interrupted in 1991, and resumed with the Brasileiro de Zoologia in Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais) the editor Walter Voss in 1992 in a biannual format until first Boar d of Directors (1987–1989) of the SBO was 1999. These bulletins featured, in addition to general elected, with Roberto Brandão Cavalcanti as president, notices, topics related to different species of bir ds, study Maria Alice dos Santos Alves as secretary, and Paulo de groups, new discoveries, announcements of national and Tarso Zuquim Antas as treasurer. The first Deliberative international meetings, the launch of journals in the area, Council (1985–1989) was composed by Jacques M.E. articles published by members, news on banding of birds Vielliard, Pedro Scherer Neto and David Oren. They were in Brazil, academic theses and dissertations that had been responsible for all of the initial organizational work for defended, and obituaries. The bulletins were distributed the new society, and they had to overcome many obstacles by surface mail and eagerly awaited by members who were to get it established. keen to receive the ornithological news. It is important to Subsequently, on 16 July 1987, at the III Encontro recall that at this time this sort of communication was Nacional de Anilhadores de Aves, held at the Universidade essential, as there was no other way to spread news in do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), in São Leopoldo (Rio a large scale. The first virtual message was sent in Brazil Grande do Sul), the creation of the SBO was formally in 1988, via Bitnet, a network that was only available established during an extraordinary meeting of the in some universities. The internet as a tool for general General Assembly. communication only became available to the population SBO was officially founded on the 13 November at large in 1995. (supplement of the Diário Oficial do Distrito Federal, Amongst other new items, in the first bulletin 1987, number 214, page 36) with a summary of the of 1988 it was announced that the first edition of the objectives of the society: to bring together people interested SBO scientific journal would be launched in 1989, with in ornithology, represent the community of Brazilian Luiz Antonio Pedreira Gonzaga as the editor-in-chief. ornithologists national and internationally, promote The creation of the journal Ararajuba, Revista Brasileira and provide courses, lectures, meetings and regional, de Ornitologia already featured in the statutes of the national and/or international congresses, stimulate the SBO in accordance with article 20. The first edition conservation of the avifauna, spread knowledge about was published in August 1990, with 11 main papers, 8 ornithology, and bring together within the scope of the short communications and 1 In Memoriam (Necrology). SBO organized groups dedicated to diverse aspects of The cover of Ararajuba showed a hand-drawing of an ornithology. The boar d of directors of the SBO is elected Ararajuba (Guaruba guarouba) made by Carlos Yamashita each two years, and comprises a chair, two secretaries and until 2004 (volume 12, issue 21), when it started to show two treasures members, beside a deliberative supervisory color photographs of birds. Ararajuba published two board (see statute at www.ararajuba.org.br). issues per year between 1996 and 2005. In 2005 (volume The founding document for the society reported 13, issue 23) the journal's name was changed to Revista 72 founding members, most of whom were biologists, Brasileira de Ornitologia/Brazilian Journal of Ornithology, of which 16 were undergraduate students, and of the publishing four issues per year since 2006, and changing remaining 56, many were undertaking graduate studies. from printed to digital format since 2007. The Revista This founding minute was registered at the notary's office Brasileira de Ornitologia had published 69 issues in these in Brasília, DF, on 25 November 1987. 27 years. Today, the digital Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, In February 1988, during the General Assembly published in English and with four fascicles each year, is meeting of the SBO, at the XV Congresso Brasileiro de the main reference source for Brazilian ornithology, and Zoologia in Curitiba (Paraná), it was decided that the date has an emphasis on diverse studies of Neotropical birds. for future ornithological meetings should still coincide The impac t factor of the Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, with those of the Congresso Brasileiro de Zoologia; it was measured by Journal Citation Reports® was 0.414 in 2016. also decided that the value of the annual subscription for Only in 1991, during the term of the second the SBO would be fixed at 1 OTN (a Brazilian monetary board chaired by Pedro Scherer Neto (1989–1991), index in use until 1989) for regular members, and half the Meetings of SBO became independent from those Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 25(4): 2017 SBO brief history Höfling et al. organized by the Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia; this not increased in proportion to the growth of knowledge was a signal of the scientific atmosphere and maturity in ornithology, currently celebrating its 30 years, we of SBO in that period, which allowed the consolidation can affirm that the SBO is on firm foundations and is of the new society. It was also decided that the meetings sustainable, especially since the Revista Brasileira de of the SBO and those of the bird banders would be Ornitologia passed to a digital version published only in combined, given the great overlap of participants and the English. Its papers are widely cited, which guarantees difficulties of attending two separate annual meetings in regular publication of the journal and qualifies it for a country of continental size. The bir d banding meetings funding from the Brazilian scientific funders. As always, it occurred annually from 1985 until 1990. The last one depends on the great endeavors of its directors, advisers and was held in Pelotas and the book of abstracts comprised editors, who are increasingly more experienced and have 37 contributions. In 1991, the first Congresso Brasileiro been greatly helped by new technologies, and associations de Ornitologia (I CBO), held in Belém (Pará) already had with national institutions such as the Sociedade Brasileira 71 contributions from 78 authors. A significant feature do Zoologia (SBZ) and the Sociedade Brasileira para o was the participation by young students, and this has Progresso da Ciência (SBPC). persisted for all of the congresses sponsored by SBO. The The SBO, like other scientific societies in Brazil, congresses have grown since then, with 106 abstracts from depends on the interest and also the annual subscriptions 124 authors at the II CBO held in 1992 in Cuiabá (Mato of its members, since this is the only source of assured Grosso), to 350 abstracts and 500 registered participants funds. It is always hoped that the Brazilian congresses at the last congress in Brazil (XXIII CBO), held in 2016 have a positive balance that can be credited to the SBO, in Pirenópolis (Goiás). which has not been always achieved. However, welcome Since the first Congresso Brasileiro de Ornitologia contributions from different institutions, like most of the (I CBO) occurred in Belém in 1991, there have been 23 SBO chair institutions or RBO Editors institutions helped editions of the CBOs in different states of Brazil (eight in the SBO. For example, the Museu Goeldi has provided the north and northeast regions, three in the middlewest facilities to manage and publish electronically manuscripts and 12 in southeast and south regions of Brazil). One submitted to the Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia. CNPq, th exception occurred in 2010, when the 25 International the Brazillian Council for Development of Science and Ornithological Congress (IOC) was held in Campos de Tecnology, supported the printed version of the Revista Jordão (São Paulo). This honorable ex ception occurred Brasileira de Ornitologia for several years and the online because it was the first time that this very traditional version along recent years. world event was held in South America, recognition of During these 30 years Brazilian ornithology has the level of development of ornithology in our country. significantly advan ced in aspects such as the quality of the In 2015, the Congresso Brasileiro de Ornitologia was research done and the presence of members from most held in Manaus (Amazonas), in conjunction with the public and private universities, museums, and wildlife Congreso de Ornitología Neotropical of the Neotropical conservation institutions. Additionally, it broadly reaches Ornithological Society (NOS), again re-affirming the out to the community via its website, participation by importance of the SBO in the Neotropics. In 2017, members in international and national committees (such there was another international initiative by the SBO as the Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos with the sponsoring of the Ornithological Congress CBRO, the Official Brazilian Bir d List), and in platforms of the Americas, held in Puerto Iguazú, Argentina, in such as Wikiaves and e-bird. Currently, there are several conjunction with two societies: the Aves Argentinas Masters and Doctoral graduate research programs that (AA) and the Association of Field Ornithologists (AFO). are forming students in areas related to ornithology, thus Again, this international collaboration demonstrates the showing its importance. growing maturity of a young SBO that can promote New facilities for communication allow a constant international meetings with traditional societies of the increase in the contact between associates of the SBO, and world, such as the AA and AFO that are 100 and 95 years doubtless research studies in progress will be improved old, respectively. by this enhanced integration. This new scenario is very We can bear witness to the fact that the SBO has different from that prevailing at the outset of Brazilian already been through different phases, including some ornithology and it will open doors to a new era for that were difficult to over come. The number of regular research on Brazilian birds. paid-up members has fluctuated over the years (averaged Of the 72 founding members of the SBO, some 140 from 2012 to 2014), but there are usually around have retired, others have passed away, others continue to 100 members/year, some of them researchers who have accompany us from a distance, and some continue to be accompanied the society since its foundation or for much active in the SBO. Currently, among the 90 members, of this time. about half (47) are undergraduate (19) or graduate (28) Meanwhile, although the number of members has student members. It is worth recalling that of the young Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 25(4): 2017 SBO brief history Höfling et al. students who in 1987 contributed to the founding of the and an anonymous reviewer made valuable suggestions to SBO, some now have important roles in the academic the manuscript. formation of masters and doctoral students in the area of ornithology, and have become recognized international REFERENCES scientists. We hope that today's student members will follow the same path, with the same ideals as those Aleixo A. & Straube F.C. 2007. Coleções de aves brasileiras: breve who founded the SBO, and that with the vigor of these histórico, diagnóstico atual e perspectivas para o futuro. Revista modern times they will be able to celebrate many more Brasileira de Ornitologia 15: 315–324. decades dedicated to the study of birds in Brazil. Alves M.A.S. & Silva J.M.C. 2000. A ornitologia no Brasil: desenvolvimento, tendências atuais e perspectivas, p. 327–344. In: Alves M.A.S., Silva J.M.C., van Sluys M., Bergallo H.G. & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Rocha C.F.D. A ornitologia no Brasil: pesquisa atual e perspectivas. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. UERJ. Belton W. 1994. Aves do Rio Grande do Sul: distribuição e biologia. São Our thanks to all those who collaborated to create the Leopoldo: Editora Unisinos. SBO, to all of the past and current members of the Fontana C.S., Silva T.W. da & Souza J.P. 2017. Brazilian bird Board of Directors, all the Presidents of the Brazilian collections: a decade after Aleixo & Straube (2007). Revista Ornithological Meetings (CBO's) and all Editors-in- Brasileira de Ornitologia 25: 277–296. chief of the Boletim and the Ararajuba, Revista Brasileira Paynter-Jr. R.A. 1991. The maturation of Brazilian ornithology. Ararajuba 2: 105–106. de Ornitologia/Brazilian Journal of Ornithology. It is also Pinto O.M.O. 1979. A ornitologia brasileira através das idades (Século important to mention the researchers and teachers from XVI a século XIX). São Paulo: Editora Gráfica da Revista dos museums, universities, or other research institutions who Tribunais. produced and multiplied knowledge, particularly forming Sick H. 1997. Ornitologia brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. Nova human resources. Those members have worked, and Fronteira. continue working, in the construction and maintenance of this 30 years of history. Leandro Bugoni, Miguel Marini Associate Editor: Leandro Bugoni. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 25(4): 2017

Journal

Ornithology Research – Springer Journals

Published: Dec 1, 2017

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