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Role of Environmental Adjuvants in Asthma Development

Role of Environmental Adjuvants in Asthma Development Purpose of ReviewThis review summarizes recent progress in our understanding how environmental adjuvants promote the development of asthma.Recent FindingsAsthma is a heterogeneous set of lung pathologies with overlapping features. Human studies and animal models suggest that exposure to different environmental adjuvants activate distinct immune pathways, which in turn give rise to distinct forms, or endotypes, of allergic asthma. Depending on their concentrations, inhaled TLR ligands can activate either type 2 inflammation, or Th17 differentiation, along with regulatory responses that function to attenuate inflammation. By contrast, a different category of environmental adjuvants, proteases, activate distinct immune pathways and prime predominantly type 2 immune responses.SummaryAsthma is not a single disease, but rather a group of pathologies with overlapping features. Different endotypes of asthma likely arise from perturbations of distinct immunologic pathways during allergic sensitization. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Allergy and Asthma Reports Springer Journals

Role of Environmental Adjuvants in Asthma Development

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports , Volume 20 (9) – Jun 16, 2020

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References (96)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2020
ISSN
1529-7322
eISSN
1534-6315
DOI
10.1007/s11882-020-00935-3
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Purpose of ReviewThis review summarizes recent progress in our understanding how environmental adjuvants promote the development of asthma.Recent FindingsAsthma is a heterogeneous set of lung pathologies with overlapping features. Human studies and animal models suggest that exposure to different environmental adjuvants activate distinct immune pathways, which in turn give rise to distinct forms, or endotypes, of allergic asthma. Depending on their concentrations, inhaled TLR ligands can activate either type 2 inflammation, or Th17 differentiation, along with regulatory responses that function to attenuate inflammation. By contrast, a different category of environmental adjuvants, proteases, activate distinct immune pathways and prime predominantly type 2 immune responses.SummaryAsthma is not a single disease, but rather a group of pathologies with overlapping features. Different endotypes of asthma likely arise from perturbations of distinct immunologic pathways during allergic sensitization.

Journal

Current Allergy and Asthma ReportsSpringer Journals

Published: Jun 16, 2020

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