Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
N. A. Badian (1988)
The prediction of good and poor reading before kindergarten entry: A nine-year follow-upJournal of Learning Disabilities, 21
N. Badian (1993)
Phonemic awareness, naming, visual symbol processing, and readingReading and Writing, 5
Philip Gough, W. Tunmer (1986)
Decoding, Reading, and Reading DisabilityRemedial and Special Education, 7
M. Wolf (1984)
Naming, reading, and the dyslexias: A longitudinal overviewAnnals of Dyslexia, 34
H. Taylor, P. Satz, J. Friel (1979)
Developmental Dyslexia in Relation to Other Childhood Reading Disorders: Significance and Clinical Utility.Reading Research Quarterly, 15
N. Badian, G. McAnulty, F. Duffy, H. Als (1990)
Prediction of dyslexia in kindergarten boysAnnals of Dyslexia, 40
M. Wolf (1991)
Naming Speed and Reading: The Contribution of the Cognitive Neurosciences.Reading Research Quarterly, 26
R. McGee, S. Williams, P. Silva (1988)
Slow starters and long-term backward readers: a replication and extension.The British journal of educational psychology, 58 ( Pt 3)
B. T. Jordan (1980)
Jordan Left-Right Reversal Test
H. Catts (1989)
Defining dyslexia as a developmental language disorderAnnals of Dyslexia, 39
R. W. Woodcock (1987)
Woodcock Reading Mastery Tests-Revised
S. Weintraub (1983)
The Boston Naming Test
N. Badian (1988)
The Prediction of Good and Poor Reading Before Kindergarten EntryJournal of Learning Disabilities, 21
M. Denckla, R. Rudel (1974)
Rapid "automatized" naming of pictured objects, colors, letters and numbers by normal children.Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 10 2
M. Rutter, W. Yule (1975)
The concept of specific reading retardation.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 16 3
P. Satz (1983)
Prognosis for children with learning disabilities. A review of follow-up studies
M. Denckla, R. Rudel (1976)
Rapid ‘automatized’ naming (R.A.N.): Dyslexia differentiated from other learning disabilitiesNeuropsychologia, 14
Morris Cohen, Patricia Town, Ann Buff (1988)
Neurodevelopmental differences in confrontational naming in childrenDevelopmental Neuropsychology, 4
J. Davis, C. Spring (1990)
The digit naming speed test: Its power and incremental validity in identifying children with specific reading disabilitiesPsychology in the Schools, 27
Shelley Smith (1986)
Genetics and learning disabilities
M. Wolf, H. Bally, R. Morris (1986)
Automaticity, retrieval processes, and reading: a longitudinal study in average and impaired readers.Child development, 57 4
J. C. Merwin (1983)
Stanford Achievement Test
K. Stanovich (1991)
Conceptual and Empirical Problems with Discrepancy Definitions of Reading DisabilityLearning Disability Quarterly, 14
T. Cox (1987)
Slow starters versus long term backward readers.The British journal of educational psychology, 57 ( Pt 1)
A. Benton, D. Pearl (1978)
Dyslexia: An Appraisal of Current Knowledge
C. Perfetti, Isabel Beck, L. Bell, C. Hughes (1987)
Phonemic knowledge and learning to read are reciprocal: A longitudinal study of first grade children.Merrill-palmer Quarterly, 33
K. Stanovich (1988)
Explaining the Differences Between the Dyslexic and the Garden-Variety Poor ReaderJournal of Learning Disabilities, 21
K.E. Stanovich (1988)
Explaining the differences between the dyslexic and the garden- variety poor reader: The phonological-core variable-difference modelJournal of Learning Disabilities, 21
K. Stanovich, R. West (1989)
Exposure to print and orthographic processing.Reading Research Quarterly, 24
R. Wagner, J. Torgesen (1987)
The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the acquisition of reading skills.Psychological Bulletin, 101
J. M. Fletcher (1978)
Some developmental and predictive precursors of reading disabilities: A six year follow-up
S. Shaywitz, Michael Escobar, B. Shaywitz, J. Fletcher, R. Makuch (1992)
Evidence that dyslexia may represent the lower tail of a normal distribution of reading ability.The New England journal of medicine, 326 3
N. Badian, F. Duffy, H. Als, G. McAnulty (1991)
Linguistic profiles of dyslexic and good readersAnnals of Dyslexia, 41
P. Aaron (1987)
Developmental dyslexia: Is it different from other forms of reading disability?Annals of Dyslexia, 37
J. Rosner (1979)
Helping Children Overcome Learning Difficulties
J. M. Finucci (1986)
Follow-up studies of developmental dyslexia and other learning disabilities
U. Goswami (1993)
Phonological Skills and Learning to ReadAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 682
P. Bowers (1988)
Comparison of the Effects of IQ Control Methods on Memory and Naming Speed Predictors of Reading Disability.Reading Research Quarterly, 23
P. Silva, R. McGee, S. Williams (1985)
Some characteristics of 9-year-old boys with general reading backwardness or specific reading retardation.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 26 3
Abstract The main aim of the study was to determine whether performance on reading-related cognitive processing tasks would help predict reading progress in children receiving special help. The 86 subjects were initially aged six to eight years and most were followed up after two years. When variance due to IQ and age was accounted for, an orthographic processing task, phonological awareness (phoneme deletion), and digit- naming speed were significant predictors of later reading skills. A strength in phonological awareness differentiated initial poor readers who later made excellent gains in reading from poor readers who did not improve. Children whose reading deteriorated had serious weaknesses on tasks of naming speed and confrontation naming. Their poor lexical retrieval skills had a more deleterious effect on later reading than on initial. Indications were that for children diagnosed as poor readers at age six or seven years, prognosis is better for boys, and for garden- variety poor readers, than for dyslexics. Caution was urged in applying the term dyslexic to children in the first two school grades because many of them will be slow starters who do not have a persistent reading problem.
Annals of Dyslexia – Springer Journals
Published: Dec 1, 1993
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.