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Plenary Lecture

Plenary Lecture Annals of Microbiology, 59, Special Issue (2009) 1 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology: Is it an invaluable reference work for microbiologists? Michael GOODFELLOW School of Biology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom The Bergey Trust is a non-profit making organisation that uses income raised through royalties solely for the purpose of preparing, editing and publishing revisions and successive editions of Bergey’s Manual and supplementary publications. The primary aims of the Trust are to provide a phylogenetic backbone and taxonomic framework for prokaryotic systematics, up-to-date descriptions of all Archaea and Bacteria and how they can be identified, and the promotion of prokaryotic systematics on behalf of the global community of microbiologists, associated professionals and those who they serve. Indeed, the classification and identification of organisms are not only meant for microbiologists, still less for microbial systematists – they have to serve different purposes and to be used by different kinds of people, with different interests and with different capabilities and different powers of perception. Classification and identification are basic to other sciences and at the same time are dependent upon them, in other words they are essentially synthetic disciplines that benefit from research in a wide range of subjects. This also means that they are markedly data dependent and hence are in a constant state of development as they are influenced by the application of new taxonomic concepts and methods. Most biological disciplines are closely tied up with systematics that they cannot be practiced without the use of a natural classification. These disciplines include biochemistry, biogeography, ecology, genetics and genomics. In any of these, if the identification of a strain is wrong or dubious, the value of the resultant work is greatly diminished and in many cases worthless. Every biologist, whether he or she realises it or not, works with species, and his/her findings - even at the molecular level - may be influenced by the choice of a particular species. Consequently, Bergey’s Manual is a unique sourcebook for all such practitioners, not least because it is the product of specialists who understand the nature of the prokaryotes they are dealing with. The importance of the types of information held in the current or imminent volumes of Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology will be illustrated by the search and discovery of new bioactive products from actinobacteria, in particular, novel actinobacterial genera and species that abound in deep sea sediments. To this end, several hundred marine actinobacteria were isolated from environmental samples using a range of selective isolation procedures and assigned to meaningful taxonomic groups using rapid genotypic and phenotypic procedures. Representatives of the resultant taxa were screened for the production of new secondary metabolites by HPLC-diode array metabolite profiling. Structural analysis of potential novel metabolites showed that members of the genera Streptomyces and Verrucosispora were especially rich sources of novel bioactive compounds, as exemplified by the discovery of albidopyrone, a new-pyrone containing secondary metabolite from Streptomyces sp. NTK 227, which inhibits protein- tyrosine phosphatase B, caboxyamycin, a new antibiotic of the benzoxazole family from Streptomyces sp. NTK 937, which inhibits Gram-positive bacteria, the enzyme phosphodiesterase and selected human tumour cell lines, and the abyssomicins and proximicins from Verrucosispora spp. AB-18-032 and MG37, which show antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and antitumour activity, respectively. Keywords: Bergey Trust, utilitarian systematic. References: Antony-Babu S., Stach J.E.M., Goodfellow M. (2008). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 94: 63-74. Boone D.R., Castenholz R.W., Garrity G.M., Eds (2001). Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second Edition, Volume 1, The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototrophic Bacteria. Springer Verlag, New York. Bull A.T., Stach J.E. (2007). Trends in Microbiology, 15: 491-499. Hohmann C., Schneider K., Brunter C., Irran E., Nicholson G., Bull A.T., Jones A.L., Brown R., Stach J.E.M., Goodfellow M., Beil W., Kramer M., Imhoff J.F., Süssmuth R.D., Fiedler H-P. (2009). The Journal of Antibiotics, 62: 99-104. _______________________________________________ *Corresponding author: m.goodfellow@ncl.ac.uk http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annals of Microbiology Springer Journals

Plenary Lecture

Annals of Microbiology , Volume 59 (1) – Dec 16, 2009
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References (2)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 by University of Milan and Springer
Subject
Life Sciences; Microbiology; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbial Ecology; Fungus Genetics; Medical Microbiology; Applied Microbiology
ISSN
1590-4261
eISSN
1869-2044
DOI
10.1007/BF03178828
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Annals of Microbiology, 59, Special Issue (2009) 1 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology: Is it an invaluable reference work for microbiologists? Michael GOODFELLOW School of Biology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom The Bergey Trust is a non-profit making organisation that uses income raised through royalties solely for the purpose of preparing, editing and publishing revisions and successive editions of Bergey’s Manual and supplementary publications. The primary aims of the Trust are to provide a phylogenetic backbone and taxonomic framework for prokaryotic systematics, up-to-date descriptions of all Archaea and Bacteria and how they can be identified, and the promotion of prokaryotic systematics on behalf of the global community of microbiologists, associated professionals and those who they serve. Indeed, the classification and identification of organisms are not only meant for microbiologists, still less for microbial systematists – they have to serve different purposes and to be used by different kinds of people, with different interests and with different capabilities and different powers of perception. Classification and identification are basic to other sciences and at the same time are dependent upon them, in other words they are essentially synthetic disciplines that benefit from research in a wide range of subjects. This also means that they are markedly data dependent and hence are in a constant state of development as they are influenced by the application of new taxonomic concepts and methods. Most biological disciplines are closely tied up with systematics that they cannot be practiced without the use of a natural classification. These disciplines include biochemistry, biogeography, ecology, genetics and genomics. In any of these, if the identification of a strain is wrong or dubious, the value of the resultant work is greatly diminished and in many cases worthless. Every biologist, whether he or she realises it or not, works with species, and his/her findings - even at the molecular level - may be influenced by the choice of a particular species. Consequently, Bergey’s Manual is a unique sourcebook for all such practitioners, not least because it is the product of specialists who understand the nature of the prokaryotes they are dealing with. The importance of the types of information held in the current or imminent volumes of Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology will be illustrated by the search and discovery of new bioactive products from actinobacteria, in particular, novel actinobacterial genera and species that abound in deep sea sediments. To this end, several hundred marine actinobacteria were isolated from environmental samples using a range of selective isolation procedures and assigned to meaningful taxonomic groups using rapid genotypic and phenotypic procedures. Representatives of the resultant taxa were screened for the production of new secondary metabolites by HPLC-diode array metabolite profiling. Structural analysis of potential novel metabolites showed that members of the genera Streptomyces and Verrucosispora were especially rich sources of novel bioactive compounds, as exemplified by the discovery of albidopyrone, a new-pyrone containing secondary metabolite from Streptomyces sp. NTK 227, which inhibits protein- tyrosine phosphatase B, caboxyamycin, a new antibiotic of the benzoxazole family from Streptomyces sp. NTK 937, which inhibits Gram-positive bacteria, the enzyme phosphodiesterase and selected human tumour cell lines, and the abyssomicins and proximicins from Verrucosispora spp. AB-18-032 and MG37, which show antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and antitumour activity, respectively. Keywords: Bergey Trust, utilitarian systematic. References: Antony-Babu S., Stach J.E.M., Goodfellow M. (2008). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 94: 63-74. Boone D.R., Castenholz R.W., Garrity G.M., Eds (2001). Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second Edition, Volume 1, The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototrophic Bacteria. Springer Verlag, New York. Bull A.T., Stach J.E. (2007). Trends in Microbiology, 15: 491-499. Hohmann C., Schneider K., Brunter C., Irran E., Nicholson G., Bull A.T., Jones A.L., Brown R., Stach J.E.M., Goodfellow M., Beil W., Kramer M., Imhoff J.F., Süssmuth R.D., Fiedler H-P. (2009). The Journal of Antibiotics, 62: 99-104. _______________________________________________ *Corresponding author: m.goodfellow@ncl.ac.uk

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Annals of Microbiology – Springer Journals

Published: Dec 16, 2009

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