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Physico-chemical properties and alteration of Lixus historical monuments building rocks (Larache–Morocco)

Physico-chemical properties and alteration of Lixus historical monuments building rocks... This paper is a contribution to the conservation of the built heritage in Northwestern Morocco, especially the roman acheosite of Lixus in Larache. The aim is to identify the alteration forms of building rocks and to determine the agents in charge. The first part of the fieldwork consisted of rocks characterization via a mapping procedure and a careful sampling. While the second part was inventorying the observed forms of alteration. In the laboratory, the samples were subject of a petrographic study and experiments to determine the building rock’s parameters such as; porosity, density and hardness. Furthermore, an accelerated ageing experiment due to salt crystallization, using a salt fog chamber, was relevant to run, because of the air salinity of the Mediterranean weather of North-Western Morocco. The results are that the characterization of the building rocks reveals the use of four main lithologies: Quartz Sandstone (49%), Calcarenites (26%), Littered Sandstones (14%) and Biocalcarenites (12%). These rocks are affected by different forms of alteration like erosion, alveolization, salt efflorescence, cracks and intense biodegradation, caused by lichens (Crustaceans and Folicaea) and Cormophytes. These forms of degradation are more common on biocaclcarenites and calcarenites. Thus, the agents responsible for these pathologies are external suchlike water and salt and internal like porosity, water absorption, hardness, density and mineralogical composition, in particular CaCO3. These results provide a scientific support to select the restoration materiel at Lixus. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation Springer Journals

Physico-chemical properties and alteration of Lixus historical monuments building rocks (Larache–Morocco)

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References (99)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
ISSN
2365-3159
eISSN
2365-3167
DOI
10.1007/s41024-022-00237-3
Publisher site
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Abstract

This paper is a contribution to the conservation of the built heritage in Northwestern Morocco, especially the roman acheosite of Lixus in Larache. The aim is to identify the alteration forms of building rocks and to determine the agents in charge. The first part of the fieldwork consisted of rocks characterization via a mapping procedure and a careful sampling. While the second part was inventorying the observed forms of alteration. In the laboratory, the samples were subject of a petrographic study and experiments to determine the building rock’s parameters such as; porosity, density and hardness. Furthermore, an accelerated ageing experiment due to salt crystallization, using a salt fog chamber, was relevant to run, because of the air salinity of the Mediterranean weather of North-Western Morocco. The results are that the characterization of the building rocks reveals the use of four main lithologies: Quartz Sandstone (49%), Calcarenites (26%), Littered Sandstones (14%) and Biocalcarenites (12%). These rocks are affected by different forms of alteration like erosion, alveolization, salt efflorescence, cracks and intense biodegradation, caused by lichens (Crustaceans and Folicaea) and Cormophytes. These forms of degradation are more common on biocaclcarenites and calcarenites. Thus, the agents responsible for these pathologies are external suchlike water and salt and internal like porosity, water absorption, hardness, density and mineralogical composition, in particular CaCO3. These results provide a scientific support to select the restoration materiel at Lixus.

Journal

Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation – Springer Journals

Published: Dec 1, 2022

Keywords: Weathering; Building rock; Lixus; Monument; Salt crystallization; Bio-degradation

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