Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Performance Evaluation of Human-Specific Viral Markers and Application of Pepper Mild Mottle Virus and CrAssphage to Environmental Water Samples as Fecal Pollution Markers in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Performance Evaluation of Human-Specific Viral Markers and Application of Pepper Mild Mottle... Monitoring of environmental water is crucial to protecting humans and animals from possible health risks. Although numerous human-specific viral markers have been designed to track the presence of human fecal contamination in water, they lack adequate sensitivity and specificity in different geographical regions. We evaluated the performances of six human-specific viral markers [Aichi virus 1 (AiV-1), human adenoviruses (HAdVs), BK and JC polyomaviruses (BKPyVs and JCPyVs), pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), and crAssphage] using 122 fecal-source samples collected from humans and five animal hosts in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. PMMoV and crAssphage showed high sensitivity (90–100%) with concentrations of 4.5–9.1 and 6.2–7.0 log10 copies/g wet feces (n = 10), respectively, whereas BKPyVs, JCPyVs, HAdVs, and AiV-1 showed poor performances with sensitivities of 30–40%. PMMoV and crAssphage were detected in 40–100% and 8–90%, respectively, of all types of animal fecal sources and showed no significantly different concentrations among most of the fecal sources (Kruskal–Wallis test, P > 0.05), suggesting their applicability as general fecal pollution markers. Furthermore, a total of 115 environmental water samples were tested for PMMoV and crAssphage to identify fecal pollution. PMMoV and crAssphage were successfully detected in 62% (71/115) and 73% (84/115) of water samples, respectively. The greater abundance and higher mean concentration of crAssphage (4.1 ± 0.9 log10 copies/L) compared with PMMoV (3.3 ± 1.4 log10 copies/L) indicated greater chance of detection of crAssphage in water samples, suggesting that crAssphage could be preferred to PMMoV as a marker of fecal pollution. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Food and Environmental Virology Springer Journals

Performance Evaluation of Human-Specific Viral Markers and Application of Pepper Mild Mottle Virus and CrAssphage to Environmental Water Samples as Fecal Pollution Markers in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Download PDF
14 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/springer-journals/performance-evaluation-of-human-specific-viral-markers-and-application-bi2DzLG01E
Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2019 by Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
Subject
Biomedicine; Virology; Food Science; Chemistry/Food Science, general
ISSN
1867-0334
eISSN
1867-0342
DOI
10.1007/s12560-019-09389-x
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Monitoring of environmental water is crucial to protecting humans and animals from possible health risks. Although numerous human-specific viral markers have been designed to track the presence of human fecal contamination in water, they lack adequate sensitivity and specificity in different geographical regions. We evaluated the performances of six human-specific viral markers [Aichi virus 1 (AiV-1), human adenoviruses (HAdVs), BK and JC polyomaviruses (BKPyVs and JCPyVs), pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), and crAssphage] using 122 fecal-source samples collected from humans and five animal hosts in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. PMMoV and crAssphage showed high sensitivity (90–100%) with concentrations of 4.5–9.1 and 6.2–7.0 log10 copies/g wet feces (n = 10), respectively, whereas BKPyVs, JCPyVs, HAdVs, and AiV-1 showed poor performances with sensitivities of 30–40%. PMMoV and crAssphage were detected in 40–100% and 8–90%, respectively, of all types of animal fecal sources and showed no significantly different concentrations among most of the fecal sources (Kruskal–Wallis test, P > 0.05), suggesting their applicability as general fecal pollution markers. Furthermore, a total of 115 environmental water samples were tested for PMMoV and crAssphage to identify fecal pollution. PMMoV and crAssphage were successfully detected in 62% (71/115) and 73% (84/115) of water samples, respectively. The greater abundance and higher mean concentration of crAssphage (4.1 ± 0.9 log10 copies/L) compared with PMMoV (3.3 ± 1.4 log10 copies/L) indicated greater chance of detection of crAssphage in water samples, suggesting that crAssphage could be preferred to PMMoV as a marker of fecal pollution.

Journal

Food and Environmental Virology – Springer Journals

Published: May 13, 2019

References

  • Human and bovine adenoviruses for the detection of source-specific fecal pollution in coastal waters in Australia
    Ahmed, W; Goonetilleke, A; Gardner, T
  • Evaluation of the novel crAssphage marker for sewage pollution tracking in storm drain outfalls in Tampa, Florida
    Ahmed, W; Lobos, A; Senkbeil, J; Peraud, J; Gallard, J; Harwood, VJ
  • Novel crAssphage marker genes ascertain sewage pollution in a recreational lake receiving urban stormwater runoff
    Ahmed, W; Payyappat, S; Cassidy, M; Besley, C; Power, K
  • Evaluating sewage-associated JCV and BKV polyomaviruses for sourcing human fecal pollution in a coastal river in Southeast Queensland, Australia
    Ahmed, W; Wan, C; Goonetilleke, A; Gardner, T
  • Persistence of viral pathogens and bacteriophages during sewage treatment: Lack of correlation with indicator bacteria
    Baggi, F; Demarta, A; Peduzzi, R
  • Dynamics of crAssphage as a human source tracking marker in potentially faecally polluted environments
    Ballesté, M; Pascual-Benito, M; Martín-Díaz, J; Blanch, AR; Lucena, F; Muniesa, M; Jofre, J; García-Aljaro, C
  • Bacteroides spp. as reliable marker of sewage contamination in Hawaii’s environmental waters using molecular techniques
    Betancourt, WQ; Fujioka, RS
  • Assessment of virus removal by managed aquifer recharge at three full-scale operations
    Betancourt, WQ; Kitajima, M; Wing, AD; Regnery, J; Drewes, JE; Pepper, IL; Gerba, CP
  • Documenting the epidemiologic patterns of polyomaviruses in human populations by studying their presence in urban sewage
    Biofill-Mas, S; Pina, S; Girones, R
  • National population and housing census 2011(Village Development Committee/Municipality)
  • A highly abundant bacteriophage discovered in the unknown sequences of human faecal metagenomes
    Dutilh, BE; Cassman, N; McNair, K; Sanchez, SE; Silva, GGZ; Boling, L; Barr, JJ; Speth, DR; Sequiritan, V; Aziz, RK; Felts, B; Dinsdale, EA; Mokili, JL; Edwards, RA
  • Molecular assays for targeting human and bovine enteric viruses in coastal waters and their application for library-independent source tracking
    Fong, TT; Griffin, DW; Lipp, EK
  • Determination of crAssphage in water samples and applicability for tracking human faecal pollution
    Garcia-Aljaro, C; Balleste, E; Muniesa, M; Jofre, J
  • Next-generation sequencing identification of pathogenic bacterial genes and their relationship with fecal indicator bacteria in different water sources in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
    Ghaju Shrestha, R; Tanaka, Y; Malla, B; Bhandari, D; Tandukar, S; Inoue, D
  • Evaluation of pepper mild mottle virus, human picobirnavirus and Torque teno virus as indicators of fecal contamination in river water
    Hamza, IA; Jurzik, L; Uberla, K; Wilhelm, M
  • Detection of waterborne protozoa, viruses, and bacteria in groundwater and other water samples in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
    Haramoto, E
  • Quantification and genotyping of Aichi virus 1 in water samples in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
    Haramoto, E; Kitajima, M
  • A review on recent progress in the detection methods and prevalence of human enteric viruses in water
    Haramoto, E; Kitajima, M; Hata, A; Torrey, JR; Masago, Y; Sano, D; Katayama, H
  • Occurrence of viruses and protozoa in drinking water sources of Japan and their relationship to indicator microorganisms
    Haramoto, E; Kitajima, M; Kishida, N; Katayama, H; Asami, M; Akiba, M
  • Occurrence of pepper mild mottle virus in drinking water sources in Japan
    Haramoto, E; Kitajima, M; Kishida, N; Konno, Y; Katayama, H; Asami, M; Akiba, M
  • Assessment and application of host-specific Bacteroidales genetic markers for microbial source tracking of river water in Japan
    Haramoto, E; Osada, R
  • Prevalence of protozoa, viruses, coliphages and indicator bacteria in groundwater and river water in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
    Haramoto, E; Yamada, K; Nishida, K
  • Performance of viruses and bacteriophages for fecal source determination in a multi-laboratory, comparative study
    Harwood, VJ; Boehm, AB; Sassoubre, LM; Vijayavel, K; Stewart, JR; Fong, TT; Caprais, MP; Converse, RR; Diston, D; Ebdon, J; Fuhrman, JA; Gourmelon, M; Gentry-Shields, J; Griffith, JF; Kashian, DR; Noble, RT; Taylor, H; Wicki, M
  • Microbial source tracking markers for detection of fecal contamination in environmental waters: Relationships between pathogens and human health outcomes
    Harwood, VJ; Staley, C; Badgley, BD; Borges, K; Korajkic, A
  • Comprehensive study on enteric viruses and indicators in surface water in Kyoto, Japan, during 2014–2015 season
    Hata, A; Hanamoto, S; Ihara, M; Shirasaka, Y; Yamashita, N; Tanaka, H
  • Rapid and quantitative detection of human adenovirus DNA by real-time PCR
    Heim, A; Ebnet, C; Harste, G; Pring-Åkerblom, P
  • Development of a qPCR assay for the quantification of porcine adenoviruses as an MST tool for swine fecal contamination in the environment
    Hundesa, A; Maluquer de Motes, C; Albinana-Gimenez, N; Rodriguez-Manzano, J; Biofill-Mas, S; Sunen, E; Girones, R
  • Identification of human and animal adenoviruses and polyomaviruses for detection of sources of fecal contamination in the environment
    Hundesa, A; Maluquer de Motes, C; Biofill-Mas, S; Albinana-Gimenez, N; Girones, R
  • KUKL 9th annual report
  • 16S rRNA-based assays for quantitative detection of universal, human-, cow-, and dog-specific fecal Bacteroidales: A Bayesian approach
    Kildare, BJ; Leutenegger, CM; McSwain, BS; Bambic, DG; Rajal, VB; Wuertz, S
  • Aichi virus 1: Environmental occurrence and behavior
    Kitajima, M; Gerba, CP
  • Genotype distribution of human sapoviruses in wastewater in Japan
    Kitajima, M; Haramoto, E; Phanuwan, C; Katayama, H
  • Development of a reverse transcription-quantitative PCR system for detection and genotyping of aichi viruses in clinical and environmental samples
    Kitajima, M; Hata, A; Yamashita, T; Haramoto, E; Minagawa, H; Katayama, H
  • Relative abundance and treatment reduction of viruses during wastewater treatment processes—Identification of potential viral indicators
    Kitajima, M; Iker, BC; Pepper, IL; Gerba, CP
  • Pepper mild mottle virus as a water quality indicator
    Kitajima, M; Sassi, HP; Torrey, JR
  • CrAssphage as a potential human sewage marker for microbial source tracking in Southeast Asia
    Kongprajug, A; Mongkolsuk, S; Sirikanchana, K
  • Pepper mild mottle virus as an indicator and a tracer of fecal pollution in water environments: Comparative evaluation with wastewater-tracer pharmaceuticals in Hanoi, Vietnam
    Kuroda, K; Nakada, N; Hanamoto, S; Inaba, M; Katayama, H; Do, AT; Nga, TTV; Oguma, K; Hayashi, T; Takizawa, S
  • Development of Bacteroides 16S rRNA gene taqman-based real-time PCR assays for estimation of total, human, and bovine fecal pollution in water
    Layton, A; McKay, L; Williams, D; Garrett, V; Gentry, R; Sayler, G
  • A novel microbial source tracking microarray for pathogen detection and fecal source identification in environmental systems
    Li, X; Harwood, VJ; Nayak, B; Staley, C; Sadowsky, MJ; Weidhaas, J
  • Validation of host-specific Bacteroidales quantitative PCR assays and their application to microbial source tracking of drinking water sources in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
    Malla, B; Ghaju Shrestha, R; Tandukar, S; Bhandari, D; Inoue, D; Sei, K; Tanaka, Y; Sherchand, JB; Haramoto, E
  • Identification of human and animal fecal contamination in drinking water sources in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, using host-associated Bacteroidales quantitative PCR assays
    Malla, B; Ghaju Shrestha, R; Tandukar, S; Bhandari, D; Inoue, D; Sei, K; Tanaka, Y; Sherchand, JB; Haramoto, E
  • Quantification of human polyomaviruses JC virus and BK virus by TaqMan quantitative PCR and comparison to other water quality indicators in water and fecal samples
    McQuaig, SM; Scott, TM; Lukasik, JO; Paul, JH; Harwood, VJ
  • Human fecal and pathogen exposure pathways in rural Indian villages and the effect of increased latrine coverage
    Odagiri, M; Schriewer, A; Daniels, ME; Wuertz, S; Smith, WA; Clasen, T; Schmidt, WP; Jin, Y; Torondel, B; Misra, PR; Panigrahi, P; Jenkins, MW
  • Validation of Bacteroidales quantitative PCR assays targeting human and animal fecal contamination in the public and domestic domains in India
    Odagiri, M; Schriewer, A; Hanley, K; Wuertz, S; Misra, PR; Panigrahi, P; Jenkins, MW
  • Quantification of host-specific Bacteroides-Prevotella 16S rRNA genetic markers for assessment of fecal pollution in freshwater
    Okabe, S; Okayama, N; Savichtcheva, O; Ito, T
  • Inadequately treated wastewater as a source of human enteric viruses in the environment
    Okoh, AI; Sibanda, T; Gusha, SS
  • Realtime, quantitative PCR assays for the detection of virus-specific DNA in samples with mixed populations of polyomaviruses
    Pal, A; Sirota, L; Maudru, T; Peden, K; Lewis, AM
  • Human polyomavirus: Advantages and limitations as a human-specific viral marker in aquatic environments
    Rachmadi, AT; Torrey, JR; Kitajima, M
  • Virus hazards from food, water and other contaminated environments
    Rodriguez-Lazaro, D; Cook, N; Ruggeri, FM; Sellwood, J; Nasser, A; Nascimento, MSJ; D’Agostino, M; Santos, R; Saiz, JC; Rzeżutka, A; Bosch, A; Gironés, R; Carducci, A; Muscillo, M; Kovač, K; Diez-Valcarce, M; Vantarakis, A; Bonsdorff, C; Roda Husman, AM; Hernández, M; Poel, WHM
  • Pepper mild mottle virus as an indicator of fecal pollution
    Rosario, K; Symonds, EM; Sinigalliano, C; Stewart, J; Breitbart, M
  • Application of human and animal viral microbial source tracking tools in fresh and marine waters from five different geographical areas
    Rusinol, M; Fernandez-Cassi, X; Hundesa, A; Vieira, C; Kern, A; Eriksson, I; Ziros, P; Kay, D; Miagostovich, M; Vargha, M; Allard, A; Vantarakis, A; Wyn-Jones, P; Bofill-Mas, S; Girones, R
  • Detection of the human specific Bacteroides genetic marker provides evidence of widespread sewage contamination of stormwater in the urban environment
    Sauer, EP; VandeWalle, JL; Bootsma, MJ; McLellan, SL
  • First molecular detection of Aichi virus in sewage and shellfish samples in the Monastir region of Tunisia
    Sdiri-Loulizi, K; Hassine, M; Aouni, Z; Gharbi-Khelifi, H; Sakly, N; Chouchane, S; Guediche, MN; Pothier, P; Aouni, M; Ambert-Balay, K
  • Dynamics of domestic water consumption in the urban area of the Kathmandu Valley: Situation analysis pre and post 2015 Gorkha Earthquake
    Shrestha, S; Aihara, Y; Bhattarai, AP; Bista, N; Rajbhandari, S; Kondo, N; Kazama, F; Nishida, K; Shindo, J
  • Virological quality of irrigation water sources and pepper mild mottle virus and tobacco mosaic virus as index of pathogenic virus contamination level
    Shrestha, S; Shrestha, S; Shindo, J; Sherchand, JB; Haramoto, E
  • Viruses in recreational water-borne disease outbreaks: A review
    Sinclair, RG; Jones, EL; Gerba, CP
  • Correlation of crAssphage qPCR Markers with culturable and molecular indicators of human fecal pollution in an impacted urban watershed
    Stachler, E; Akyon, B; Carvalho, NA; Ference, C; Bibby, K
  • Metagenomic evaluation of the highly abundant human gut bacteriophage crAssphage for source tracking of human fecal pollution
    Stachler, E; Bibby, K
  • Quantitative crAssphage PCR assays for human fecal pollution measurement
    Stachler, E; Kelty, C; Sivaganesan, M; Li, X; Bibby, K; Shanks, OC
  • Performance of two quantitative PCR methods for microbial source tracking of human sewage and implications for microbial risk assessment in recreational waters
    Staley, C; Gordon, KV; Schoen, ME; Harwood, VJ
  • Affordable enteric virus detection techniques are needed to support changing paradigms in water quality management
    Symonds, EM; Breitbart, M
  • Pepper mild mottle virus: A plant pathogen with a greater purpose in (waste) water treatment development and public health management
    Symonds, EM; Nguyen, KH; Harwood, VJ; Breitbart, M
  • Presence of human enteric viruses, protozoa, and indicators of pathogens in the Bagmati River, Nepal
    Tandukar, S; Sherchand, JB; Bhandari, D; Sherchan, S; Malla, B; Ghaju Shrestha, R
  • Comparative survival of enteric viruses and bacteria in Atlantic Ocean seawater
    Wait, DA; Sobsey, MD
  • Discovery of an expansive family of bacteriophages that includes the most abundant viruses from the human gut
    Yutin, N; Makarova, KS; Gussow, AB; Krupovic, M; Segall, A
  • RNA viral community in human feces: Prevalence of plant pathogenic viruses
    Zhang, T; Breitbart, M; Lee, WH; Run, JQ; Wei, CL; Soh, SW; Hibberd, ML; Liu, ET; Rohwer, F; Ruan, Y