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Olfactory Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Olfactory Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases Purpose of Review The sense of smell is today one of the focuses of interest in aging and neurodegenerative disease research. In several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’sdisease andAlzheimer’s disease, the olfactory dysfunction is one of the initial symptoms appearing years before motor symptoms and cognitive decline, being considered a clinical marker of these diseases’ early stages and a marker of disease progression and cognitive decline. Overall and under the umbrella of precision medicine, attention to olfactory function may help to improve chances of success for neuroprotective and disease-modifying therapeutic strategies. Recent Findings The use of olfaction, as clinical marker for neurodegenerative diseases is helpful in the characterization of prodromal stages of these diseases, early diagnostic strategies, differential diagnosis, and potentially prediction of treatment success. Understanding the mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction is central to determine its association with neurode- generative disorders. Several anatomical systems and environmental factors may underlie or contribute to olfactory loss associ- ated with neurological diseases, although the direct biological link to each disorder remains unclear and, thus, requires further investigation. Summary In this review, we describe the neurobiology of olfaction, and the most common olfactory function measurements in neurodegenerative diseases. We also highlight the evidence http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Allergy and Asthma Reports Springer Journals

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References (316)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 by Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
Subject
Medicine & Public Health; Allergology
ISSN
1529-7322
eISSN
1534-6315
DOI
10.1007/s11882-018-0796-4
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Purpose of Review The sense of smell is today one of the focuses of interest in aging and neurodegenerative disease research. In several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’sdisease andAlzheimer’s disease, the olfactory dysfunction is one of the initial symptoms appearing years before motor symptoms and cognitive decline, being considered a clinical marker of these diseases’ early stages and a marker of disease progression and cognitive decline. Overall and under the umbrella of precision medicine, attention to olfactory function may help to improve chances of success for neuroprotective and disease-modifying therapeutic strategies. Recent Findings The use of olfaction, as clinical marker for neurodegenerative diseases is helpful in the characterization of prodromal stages of these diseases, early diagnostic strategies, differential diagnosis, and potentially prediction of treatment success. Understanding the mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction is central to determine its association with neurode- generative disorders. Several anatomical systems and environmental factors may underlie or contribute to olfactory loss associ- ated with neurological diseases, although the direct biological link to each disorder remains unclear and, thus, requires further investigation. Summary In this review, we describe the neurobiology of olfaction, and the most common olfactory function measurements in neurodegenerative diseases. We also highlight the evidence

Journal

Current Allergy and Asthma ReportsSpringer Journals

Published: Jun 15, 2018

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