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Les troubles psychiatriques survenant chez le patient avec une maladie d’Alzheimer sont très fréquents, hétérogènes et souvent associés. Ils sont regroupés sous l’intitulé de « signes et symptômes psychologiques et comportementaux des démences » (SSPCD). Ils doivent être soigneusement évalués et traités car ils aggravent le pronostic (accélération du déclin cognitif), la qualité de vie (du patient et de l’entourage) et le coût de la maladie. Ils doivent être distingués des troubles liés à une confusion, une autre affection organique ou à une iatrogénie et sont expliqués par des réactions psychologiques ou des perturbations neurobiologiques sousjacentes. Ils font l’objet d’une approche thérapeutique multimodale et de recherches sur les corrélations anatomocliniques possibles. Ils se distinguent arbitrairement selon les rubriques suivantes: les délires et les troubles de l’identification, les hallucinations, les différentes agitations, l’agressivité, l’anxiété, les compulsions, la désinhibition, l’apathie, l’hyperémotivité, les manifestations dépressives, les troubles du sommeil et du rythme circadien, des conduites alimentaires, du comportement sexuel et de l’élimination. Mieux les reconnaître passe par un meilleur enseignement de leurs spécificités.
PSN – Springer Journals
Published: May 26, 2008
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