Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
R. Thatcher (1980)
Personal Communication. Unpublished research. Applied Neuroscience Laboratories
A. Pratt, S. Brady (1988)
Relation of phonological awareness to reading disability in children and adults.Journal of Educational Psychology, 80
K. Stanovich, A. Cunningham, Dorothy Feeman (1984)
Intelligence, Cognitive Skills, and Early Reading Progress.Reading Research Quarterly, 19
Ann Alexander, Helen Andersen, P. Heilman, K. Voeller, J. Torgesen (1991)
Phonological awareness training and remediation of analytic decoding deficits in a group of severe dyslexicsAnnals of Dyslexia, 41
G. Bower, D. Morrow (1990)
Mental models in narrative comprehension.Science, 247 4938
J. Mattingly (1972)
Language by Ear and by Eye: The relationship between speech and reading
citation_title=Phonology and Reading Disability, citation_publication_date= (1989)
Phonology and Reading Disability
K. Pribram (1971)
Languages of the Brain: Experimental Paradoxes and Principles in Neuropsychology
R. Calfee, Patricia Lindamood, Charles Lindamood (1973)
Acoustic-phonetic skills and reading--kindergarten through twelfth grade.Journal of educational psychology, 64 3
M. Howard (1982)
Utilizing oral-motor feedback in auditory conceptualizationJournal of Educational Neuropsychology, 2
I. Liberman (1987)
Language and literacy: The obligation of the schools of education
Alfred Lie (1991)
Effects of a training program for stimulating skills in word analysis in first-grade children.Reading Research Quarterly, 26
Beth Sheffield (1991)
The structured flexibility of Orton-GillinghamAnnals of Dyslexia, 41
J. Rosner, Dorothea Simon (1971)
The Auditory Analysis TestJournal of Learning Disabilities, 4
Torgesen, J. and Morgan, S. In press. The effects of two types of phonological awareness training on word learning in kindergarten children.Journal of Experimental Psychology.
press
D. Shankweiler, I. Liberman (1972)
Misreading: A search for causes.
B. Wise R. Olson (1989)
Specific deficits in component reading and language skills: Genetic and environmental influencesJournal of Learning Disabilities, 226
Shirley Long (1989)
THe Effects of Reader and Text Characteristics on Reports of Imagery during and after Reading.Reading Research Quarterly, 24
J. Torgesen, S. Morgan, C. Davis (1992)
Effects of two types of phonological awareness training on word learning in kindergarten children.Journal of Educational Psychology, 84
I. Liberman, D. Shankweiler, A. Liberman (1989)
The alphabetic principle and learning to read.
A. Marcel (1980)
Phonological awareness and phonological representation: Investigation of a specific spelling problem
M. Howard (1986)
Effects of pre-reading training in auditory conceptualization on subsequent reading achievement. Doctoral Dissertation
E. Gardner (1976)
Stanford Diagnostic Reading Test—Red Level. Manual for administering and interpreting
M. E. Oliver (1982)
Improving comprehension with mental imagery. Paper read at the Annual Meeting of the Washington Organization for Reading Development of the International Reading Association
I. Lundberg, Å. Olofsson, S. Wall (1980)
Reading and spelling skills in the first school years predicted from phonemic awareness skills in kindergartenScandinavian Journal of Psychology, 21
L. Bradley, P. Bryant (1983)
Categorizing sounds and learning to read—a causal connectionNature, 301
I. Liberman, D. Shankweiler, F. Fischer, Bonnie Carter (1974)
Explicit Syllable and Phoneme Segmentation in the Young ChildJournal of Experimental Child Psychology, 18
K. Stanovich, A. Cunningham, B. Cramer (1984)
Assessing phonological awareness in kindergarten children: Issues of task comparabilityJournal of Experimental Child Psychology, 38
R. Felton, C. Naylor, F. Wood (1990)
Neuropsychological profile of adult dyslexicsBrain and Language, 39
Shirley Long, Peter Winograd, Connie Bridge (1989)
The Effects of Reader and Text Characteristics on Imagery Reported During and After ReadingReading Research Quarterly, 24
W. O’Neil (1972)
Our collective phonological illusions: young and old
C. Perfetti (1985)
Reading Ability
V. Mann (1986)
Why some children encounter reading problems: The contribution of difficulties with language processing and phonological sophistication to early reading disability
F. Cooper (1972)
How is language conveyed by speech?
I. Liberman, D. Shankweiler (1985)
Phonology and the Problems of Learning to Read and WriteRemedial and Special Education, 6
Rockford Area Literacy Council. (1990)
Rockford Area Literacy Council. 1990. Rockford, IL. Unpublished research.
M. Austin (1957)
Underachievement in reading: A study of its extent and causes in the public schools of Newton, Massachusetts
P. Lindamood (1975)
The A.D.D. Program: Auditory Discrimination in Depth
Steven Roth, Isabel Beck (1987)
Theoretical and Instructional Implications of the Assessment of Two Microcomputer Word Recognition Programs.Reading Research Quarterly, 22
P. Lindamood (1990)
Lindamood, P. 1990. Unpublished data from University of Idaho School of Education study.
M. Shannon (1959)
The measurement of phonetic understandings relevant to the teaching of reading. Doctoral Dissertation
V. Berninger (1987)
Preventing Reading Disabilities by Assessing and Remediating Phonemic Skills.School Psychology Review, 16
R. Olson, B. Wise, F. Conners, J. Rack, D. Fulker (1989)
Specific Deficits in Component Reading and Language SkillsJournal of Learning Disabilities, 22
Brian Byrne, John Ledez (1983)
Phonological awareness in reading‐disabled adultsAustralian Journal of Psychology, 35
Nanci Bell (1991)
Gestalt imagery: A critical factor in language comprehensionAnnals of Dyslexia, 41
Nancy Lewkowicz (1980)
Phonemic Awareness Training: What to Teach and How To Teach It.Journal of Educational Psychology, 72
L. Ehri, Jennifer Sweet (1991)
Fingerpoint-Reading of Memorized Text: What Enables Beginners to Process the Print?.Reading Research Quarterly, 26
G. H. and Morrow Bower (1990)
Jan:44–48.
J. Morais, Luz Cary, J. Alegria, P. Bertelson (1979)
Does awareness of speech as a sequence of phones arise spontaneously?Cognition, 7
J. Wepman (1960)
Auditory Discrimination, Speech, and ReadingThe Elementary School Journal, 60
P. Lindamood (1979)
Lindamood Auditory Conceptualization Test
C. Lindamood (1975)
The incidence of auditory conceptual dysfunction among teachers of reading and language arts. Paper presented at the National Council for Research in English. Washington
Abstract Awareness of the internal phonological structure of words is a causal factor in success with the alphabetic principle in word recognition. However, findings with the Lindamood Auditory Conceptualization (LAC) Test reveal 25–30% of the population show deficiency in a subtle component of phonological awareness termed comparator function. We argue that this comparator function—an ability to hold the phoneme and/or syllable segments of two phonological structures in mind and compare and represent any variations in the number, identity, or order of their segments—is a primary sensory-cognitive function underlying the secondary function of self-correction in word recognition and spelling. And since word recognition correlates highly with comprehension, comparator function also indirectly impacts this basic purpose for reading. We suggest that the needs of many individuals, including educators themselves, for development and refinement of phonological awareness/comparator function may be misdiagnosed and underaddressed unless more sensitive measures of phonological awareness are used. The consequence of inadequate assessment/remediation of these deficiencies in educators is that they may be less able to assess and address these deficiencies in their students. Standard phonics instruction is known to be ineffective in developing phonological awareness for many individuals. However, phonological deficits can be addressed both preventively and remedially using procedures that are fundamentally different from typical phonics instruction.
Annals of Dyslexia – Springer Journals
Published: Dec 1, 1992
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.